His statement: "Those who disbelieved among the People of the Scripture and the polytheists were not to be parted [from disbelief]" means: they would not cease from their disbelief "until there came to them the clear evidence."
قُولُهُ: ﴿لَمْ يَكُنِ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا مِنْ أَهْلِ الْكِتَابِ وَالْمُشْرِكِينَ مُنْفَكِّينَ﴾ أَيْ: مُنْتَهِينَ عَنْ كُفْرِهِمْ ﴿حَتَّى تأتيهم الْبَيِّنَة﴾