The second perspective:
677 - 'Isam ibn Rawwad narrated to us, Adam narrated to us, Abu Ja'far narrated to us from al-Rabi' from Abu al-'Aliyah: "So We made it a deterrent for what was before it," meaning: a punishment for what had passed of their sins. A similar statement was narrated from al-Rabi' ibn Anas. A similar statement was narrated from Mujahid, al-Suddi, Qatadah (in the narration of Ma'mar), al-Hasan, and 'Ikrimah.
The third perspective:
678 - My father narrated to us, Shihab ibn 'Abbad narrated to us, Ibrahim ibn Humayd narrated to us from Isma'il ibn Abi Khalid: "So We made it a deterrent for what was before it," he said: (It refers to) what was before it of those who had passed away regarding the matter of the Sabbath. A similar statement was narrated from Qatadah and 'Atiyyah.
The fourth perspective:
679 - It was mentioned to me from Sa'id ibn Abi Maryam, Ibn Lahi'ah reported to me, 'Ata' ibn Dinar narrated to me from Sa'id ibn Jubayr regarding His saying: "So We made it a deterrent for what was before it," he said: "For what was before it," means those present on that day among the people.
His saying: "And what was after it"
[The first perspective]
680 - My father narrated to us, Sahl ibn 'Uthman al-'Askari narrated to us, al-Muharibi narrated to us from Muhammad ibn Ishaq from Dawud ibn al-Husayn from 'Ikrimah from Ibn 'Abbas: Allah said: "And what was after it," (referring to) the villages.
The second perspective:
681 - 'Isam ibn Rawwad narrated to us, Adam narrated to us, Abu Ja'far narrated to us from al-Rabi' from Abu al-'Aliyah regarding His saying: "And what was after it," meaning: a lesson for those who remained after them among the people. A similar statement was narrated from al-Rabi' ibn Anas.
[The third perspective:]
682 - Ibn Muhammad ibn al-Sabbah narrated to us, Shababah narrated to us, Warqa' narrated to us from Ibn Abi Najih from Mujahid: His saying: "And what was after it," (referring to) that by which they were destroyed; meaning their sins. A similar statement was narrated from Qatadah.
(1). Tafsir Mujahid 1/78.
الْوَجْهُ الثَّانِي:
٦٧٧ - حَدَّثَنَا عِصَامُ بْنُ رَوَّادٍ ثنا آدَمُ ثنا أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ عَنِ الرَّبِيعِ عَنْ أَبِي الْعَالِيَةِ:
فَجَعَلْنَاهَا نَكَالا لِمَا بَيْنَ يَدَيْهَا أَيْ عُقُوبَةً لِمَا خَلا مِنْ ذُنُوبِهِمْ. وَرُوِيَ عن الربيع ابن أَنَسٍ نَحْوُ ذَلِكَ. وَرُوِيَ عَنْ مُجَاهِدٍ وَالسُّدِّيِّ وَقَتَادَةَ فِي رِوَايَةِ مَعْمَرٍ وَالْحَسَنِ وَعِكْرِمَةَ نَحْوُ ذَلِكَ.
الْوَجْهُ الثَّالِثُ:
٦٧٨ - حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي ثنا شِهَابُ بْنُ عَبَّادٍ ثنا إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ حُمَيْدٍ عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ أَبِي خَالِدٍ: فَجَعَلْنَاهَا نَكَالا لِمَا بَيْنَ يَدَيْهَا قَالَ مَا كَانَ قَبْلَهَا مِنَ الْمَاضِينَ فِي شَأْنِ السَّبْتِ.
وَرُوِيَ عَنْ قَتَادَةَ وَعَطِيَّةَ نَحْوُ ذَلِكَ.
الْوَجْهُ الرَّابِعُ:
٦٧٩ - ذُكِرَ لِي عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ أَبِي مَرْيَمَ أَخْبَرَنِي ابْنُ لَهِيعَةَ، حَدَّثَنِي عَطَاءُ بْنُ دِينَارٍ عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ فِي قَوْلِهِ: فَجَعَلْنَاهَا نَكَالا لِمَا بَيْنَ يَدَيْهَا قَالَ مِنْ بَيْنِ يَدَيْهَا: مَنْ بِحَضْرَتِهَا يَوْمَئِذٍ مِنَ النَّاسِ.
قوله: وَمَا خَلْفَهَا
[الوجه الأول]
٦٨٠ - حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي ثنا سَهْلُ بْنُ عُثْمَانَ الْعَسْكَرِيُّ ثنا المحاربي عن محمد ابن إسحاق عن داود بن الحسين عَنْ عِكْرِمَةَ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ قَالَ اللَّهُ: وَمَا خَلْفَهَا مِنَ الْقُرَى.
الْوَجْهُ الثَّانِي:
٦٨١ - حَدَّثَنَا عِصَامُ بْنُ رَوَّادٍ ثنا آدَمُ ثنا أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ عَنِ الرَّبِيعِ عَنْ أَبِي الْعَالِيَةِ فِي قَوْلِهِ: وَمَا خَلْفَهَا أَيْ عِبْرَةً لِمَنْ بَقِيَ بَعْدَهُمْ مِنَ النَّاسِ. وَرُوِيَ عَنِ الرَّبِيعِ بْنِ أَنَسٍ نَحْوُ ذَلِكَ.
[الوجه الثالث:]
٦٨٢ - حدثنا بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الصَّبَّاحِ ثنا شَبَابَةُ ثنا وَرْقَاءُ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي نَجِيحٍ عَنْ مُجَاهِدٍ «١»
قَوْلُهُ: وَمَا خَلْفَهَا الَّتِي قَدْ أُهْلِكُوا بِهَا. يَعْنِي خَطَايَاهُمْ.
وَرُوِيَ عَنْ قَتَادَةَ نَحْوُ ذَلِكَ.
(١) . تفسير مجاهد ١/ ٧٨.
