[Surah al-Ikhlāṣ]

112

19532- Abū Saʿd Muḥammad b. Maysar al-Ṣāghānī narrated to us, Abū Jaʿfar al-Rāzī narrated to us, al-Rabīʿ b. Anas narrated to us, from Abū al-ʿĀliyah, from Ubayy b. Kaʿb: That the polytheists said to the Prophet (ﷺ): "O Muḥammad, state the lineage of your Lord for us." So Allāh revealed: "Say, He is Allāh, [who is] One. Allāh, the Eternal Refuge. He neither begets nor is born. Nor is there to Him any equivalent." (1)

19533- From Muḥammad b. Ḥamzah b. Yūsuf b. ʿAbd Allāh b. Salām, that ʿAbd Allāh b. Salām (may Allāh be pleased with him) said to the rabbis of the Jews: "I wish to make a covenant in the mosque of our father Abraham." He went to the Messenger of Allāh (ﷺ), and he said to him: "Are you ʿAbd Allāh b. Salām?" He replied: "Yes." He said: "Approach." So he approached him, and he said: "I adjure you by Allāh, do you not find me in the Torah as the Messenger of Allāh?" Then he said to him: "Describe your Lord to us." Gabriel came and said: "Say, He is Allāh, [who is] One" to the end of the Surah. The Messenger of Allāh (ﷺ) recited it, and Ibn Salām said: "I bear witness that there is no god but Allāh and I bear witness that you are the Messenger of Allāh." Then he returned to Medina and concealed his Islam. (2)

19534- From Ibn ʿAbbās (may Allāh be pleased with them both) that the Jews came to the Prophet (ﷺ), among them Kaʿb b. al-Ashraf and Ḥuyayy b. Akhṭab, and they said: "O Muḥammad, describe to us your Lord who sent you." So Allāh revealed: "Say, He is Allāh, [who is] One. Allāh, the Eternal Refuge. He neither begets"—meaning no child comes out from Him—"nor is born"—meaning He is not brought out from anything. (3)

His saying, the Exalted: "The Eternal Refuge [al-Ṣamad]."

19535- From Ibn ʿAbbās (may Allāh be pleased with him) he said: "Al-Ṣamad is the Master who has reached perfection in His mastership, the Noble who has reached perfection in His nobility, the Great who has reached perfection in His greatness, the Forbearing who has reached perfection in His forbearance, the Wealthy who has reached perfection in His wealth, the Compeller who has reached perfection in His might, the All-Knowing who has reached perfection in His knowledge, and the Wise who has reached perfection in His wisdom. He is the One who has reached perfection in all kinds of honor and mastership. This is Allāh, the Glorified, this is His attribute, which is not suitable for any but Him. There is no equivalent to Him, and there is nothing like unto Him."