10365. What you have sent forth (ma aslafta): 2: Ibn Kathir said: Some interpreted it as reading (qira'ah), and some interpreted it as the meaning of following what you have presented of good and evil. Others interpreted it with the Hadith: "Every nation will follow what it used to worship; those who used to worship the sun will follow the sun, those who used to worship the moon will follow the moon, and those who used to worship the false deities (taghut) will follow the false deities." See Tafsir Ibn Kathir: (2/416).

1950: 10372. They share (yashtarukun): 1: Similar to it. Tafsir Ibn Kathir: (416).

10373: Blank space (bayad): 2: Thus it is in the original.

1951: 10377. Error (al-dalal): 1: Scholars have differed on the permissibility of playing chess and other games if it is not in the form of gambling. The summary of the school of Malik and the majority of jurists regarding chess is that whoever does not gamble with it and plays with his family in his home, keeping it hidden throughout the month or the year, such that no one discovers it or knows of it, it is excused, not prohibited for him, nor disliked. However, if he becomes preoccupied with it and becomes well-known for it, his integrity (muru'ah) and uprightness ('adalah) fall, and his testimony is rejected.

As for al-Shafi'i, in the school of his companions, the testimony of a player of chess or dice is not rejected, provided he is upright ('adl) among all his companions and no foolishness, suspicious behavior, or major sin appears from him, unless he plays it for gambling. If he plays it for gambling and is known for that, his uprightness falls and he is considered a foolish person for consuming wealth unjustly.

Abu Hanifah said: Playing chess, dice, and backgammon (al-arba'at 'ashar), and all forms of amusement, are disliked; if...