2428 - Muhammad b. al-Abbas narrated to us, Muhammad b. 'Amr Zunayj reported to us, Salamah reported to us, Muhammad b. Ishaq reported to us regarding "Hearing, Knowing": meaning, Hearing of what they say, Knowing of what they conceal.
His saying, the Almighty: "Who is it that would loan Allah a goodly loan?"
2429 - Ahmad b. al-Qasim b. 'Atiyyah narrated to us, Ahmad b. 'Abd al-Rahman al-Dashtaki reported to us, from his father who said: al-Ash'ath b. Ishaq reported to us, from Ja'far, from Sa'id b. Jubayr, from Ibn 'Abbas, he said: The Jews came to Muhammad, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, when Allah revealed to him: "Who is it that would loan Allah a goodly loan?" They said: "O Muhammad, has your Lord become poor that He asks His servants?" So Allah, the Almighty and Majestic, revealed: "Allah has certainly heard the statement of those who said, 'Indeed, Allah is poor, while we are rich.'"
2430 - al-Hasan b. 'Arafah narrated to us, Khalaf b. Khalifah reported to us, from Humayd al-A'raj, from 'Abd Allah b. al-Harith, from 'Abd Allah b. Mas'ud, he said: When "Who is it that would loan Allah a goodly loan so He may multiply it for him many times over" was revealed, he said: Abu al-Dahdah al-Ansari said: "O Messenger of Allah, does Allah really want a loan from us?" He said: "Yes, O Abu al-Dahdah." He said: "Show me your hand, O Messenger of Allah." He said: He reached out his hand to him. He said: "I have loaned my Lord my garden." It was a garden in which he had six hundred date palms, and Umm al-Dahdah and his family were in it. She said: "At your service!" He said: "Get out, for I have loaned it to my Lord."
His saying: "A goodly loan."
There is a difference of opinion regarding its interpretation in several ways, one of which is:
[The First Interpretation]
2431 - 'Ali b. al-Husayn narrated to us, Abu Bakr b. Abi Shaybah and Abu 'Amir b. Barrad reported to us: They said: Zayd b. al-Hubab reported to us, Abu Sinan Sa'id b. Sinan informed me, Musa b. Abi Kathir al-Ansari informed me that 'Umar b. al-Khattab said regarding the saying of Allah: "...loan Allah a goodly loan": He said: It is spending in the way of Allah. It was narrated from Habib b. Abi Thabit and Ayyub b. Khalaf similarly.
And the second interpretation:
2432 - My father narrated to us, Dawud b. 'Abd Allah al-Ja'fari reported to us, 'Abd al-'Aziz b. Muhammad reported to us, from Zayd b. Aslam, regarding "a goodly loan," he said: It is spending upon one's family.
٢٤٢٨ - حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْعَبَّاسِ، ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَمْرٍو زُنَيْجٌ، ثنا سَلَمَةُ ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْحَاقَ سَمِيعٌ عَلِيمٌ أَيْ: سَمِيعٌ لِمَا يَقُولُونَ، عَلِيمٌ بِمَا يُخْفُونَ.
قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى مَنْ ذَا الَّذِي يُقْرِضُ اللَّهَ قَرْضًا حَسَنًا
٢٤٢٩ - حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ الْقَاسِمِ بْنِ عَطِيَّةَ، ثنا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ الدَّشْتَكِيُّ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ قَالَ ثنا الأَشْعَثُ بْنُ إِسْحَاقَ، عَنْ جَعْفَرٍ عَنِ سَعِيدِ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ، قَالَ: أَتَتِ الْيَهُودُ مُحَمَّدًا صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ حِينَ أَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ إِلَيْهِ مَنْ ذَا الَّذِي يُقْرِضُ اللَّهَ قَرْضًا حَسَنًا فَقَالُوا: يَا مُحَمَّدُ افْتَقَرَ رَبُّكَ، يَسْأَلُ عِبَادَهُ؟ فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ: لَقَدْ سَمِعَ اللَّهُ قَوْلَ الَّذِينَ قَالُوا إِنَّ اللَّهَ فَقِيرٌ وَنَحْنُ أَغْنِيَاءُ.
٢٤٣٠ - حَدَّثَنَا الْحَسَنُ بْنُ عَرَفَةَ، ثنا خَلَفُ بْنُ خَلِيفَةَ، عَنْ حُمَيْدِ الأَعْرَجِ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ الْحَارِثِ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ مَسْعُودٍ، قَالَ: لَمَّا نَزَلَتْ مَنْ ذَا الَّذِي يُقْرِضُ اللَّهَ قَرْضاً حَسَناً فَيُضَاعِفَهُ لَهُ قَالَ: قَالَ أَبُو الدَّحْدَاحِ الأَنْصَارِيُّ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ وَإِنَّ اللهَ لَيُرِيدُ مِنَّا الْقَرْضَ؟ قَالَ: نَعَمْ يَا أَبَا الدَّحْدَاحِ. قَالَ: أَرِنِي يَدَكَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ، قَالَ:
فَنَاوَلَهُ يَدَهُ. قَالَ: فَإِنِّي قَدْ أَقْرَضْتُ رَبِّي حَائِطِي. وَحَائِطٌ لَهُ فِيهِ سِتُّمِائَةِ نَخْلَةٍ، وَأُمُّ الدَّحْدَاحِ فِيهِ وَعِيَالُهُ. فَقَالَتْ: لَبَّيْكَ. فَقَالَ اخْرُجِي، فَقَدْ أَقْرَضْتُهُ رَبِّي.
قَوْلُهُ: قَرْضًا حسنا
اختلف في تفسيره على أوجه فأحدها:
[الوجه الأول]
٢٤٣١ - حَدَّثَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ الْحُسَيْنِ، ثنا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ، وَأَبُو عَامِرِ بْنِ بَرَّادٍ قَالا: ثنا زَيْدُ بْنُ الْحُبَابِ، أَخْبَرَنِي أَبُو سِنَانٍ سَعِيدُ بْنُ سِنَانٍ أَخْبَرَنِي مُوسَى بْنُ أَبِي كَثِيرٍ الأَنْصَارِيُّ، أَنَّ عُمَرَ بْنَ الْخَطَّابِ قَالَ فِي قَوْلِ اللَّهِ: يُقْرِضُ اللَّهَ قَرْضًا حَسَنًا قَالَ:
النَّفَقَةُ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ، وَرُوِيَ عَنْ حَبِيبِ بْنِ أَبِي ثَابِتٍ وَأَيُّوبَ بْنِ خَلَفٍ، نَحْوُ ذَلِكَ
وَالْوَجْهُ الثَّانِي:
