The second interpretation:
2138 - I read to Muhammad b. al-Fadl, Muhammad b. 'Ali narrated to us, Muhammad b. Muzahim informed us, from Bukayr b. Ma'ruf, from Muqatil b. Hayyan regarding "And put forth for yourselves," he says: "Obedience to your Lord and perfect your worship of Him."
The third interpretation:
2139 - Abu Zur'ah narrated to us, 'Amr b. Hammad b. Talha narrated to us, Asbat narrated to us, from al-Suddi, regarding His saying: "And put forth for yourselves," it means: righteousness.
The fourth interpretation:
2140 - It was mentioned to me from 'Abd Allah b. Waqid Abu Raja' al-Harawi, from Talha b. 'Amr, from 'Ata': "And put forth for yourselves," he said: "Pronouncing the name of Allah (basmala) during intercourse."
2141 - Abu Zur'ah narrated to us, Yahya b. 'Abd Allah b. Bukayr narrated to us, 'Abd Allah narrated to me, 'Ata' narrated to me, from Sa'id b. Jubayr, regarding the word of Allah: "And fear Allah," meaning: the believers; He warns them.
2142 - Muhammad b. 'Abd Allah b. Yazid al-Muqri' narrated to us, Sufyan narrated to us, from Suhayl b. Abi Salih, from his father, from Abu Hurayrah, tracing it back to the Prophet (peace be upon him), who said: "The servant will meet his Lord on the Day of Resurrection, and He (the Lord, may He be glorified and exalted) will say: 'Did I not honor you and make you a leader? Did I not subject horses and camels to you and leave you to preside and prosper? Did you think that you would not meet Me?'"
2143 - Abu Zur'ah narrated to us, Yahya narrated to us, Ibn Lahi'ah narrated to us, 'Ata' narrated to me, from Sa'id b. Jubayr, regarding the word of Allah: "And give good tidings to the believers," he says: "Give them good tidings of Paradise in the Hereafter."
His saying (the Exalted): "And do not make Allah an obstacle to your oaths."
[The first interpretation]
2144 - My father narrated to us, Abu Ghassan—Malik b. Isma'il—narrated to us, Yahya b. Salama b. Kuhayl narrated to us, from his father, from 'Ata', who said: A man came to 'A'ishah and said: "O Mother of the Believers, I have vowed that if I speak to so-and-so, then every servant I own is free for the sake of Allah, and all my wealth is an offering (a covering) to the House (Ka'bah)." She replied: "Do not make your servants free for the sake of Allah, and do not make your wealth an offering to the House, for Allah says: 'And do not make Allah an obstacle to your oaths [that you might be righteous].'" She said: "So perform an expiation (kaffarah) for your oath."
(1). See Tafsir 'Abd al-Razzaq 1/104.
الْوَجْهُ الثَّانِي:
٢١٣٨ - قَرَأْتُ عَلَى مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْفَضْلِ، ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ، أَنْبَأَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مُزَاحِمٍ، عَنْ بُكَيْرِ بْنِ مَعْرُوفٍ، عَنْ مُقَاتِلِ بْنِ حَيَّانَ: وَقَدِّمُوا لأَنْفُسِكُمْ يَقُولُ:
طَاعَةَ رَبِّكُمْ وَأَحْسِنُوا عِبَادَتَهُ.
وَالْوَجْهُ الثَّالِثُ:
٢١٣٩ - حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو زُرْعَةَ، ثنا عَمْرُو بْنُ حَمَّادِ بْنِ طَلْحَةَ، ثنا أَسْبَاطٌ، عَنِ السُّدِّيِّ، أَمَّا قَوْلُهُ: وَقَدِّمُوا لأَنْفُسِكُمْ فَالْخَيرُ.
وَالْوَجْهُ الرَّابِعُ:
٢١٤٠ - ذُكِرَ لِي عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ وَاقِدٍ أَبِي رَجَاءٍ الْهَرَوِيِّ، عَنْ طَلْحَةَ بْنِ عَمْرٍو عَنْ عَطَاءٍ «١»
: وَقَدِّمُوا لأَنْفُسِكُمْ قَالَ: التَّسْمِيَةُ عِنْدَ الْجِمَاعِ.
٢١٤١ - حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو زُرْعَةَ، ثنا نحيى بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ بُكَيْرٍ، حَدَّثَنِي عَبْدُ اللَّهِ حَدَّثَنِي عَطَاءٌ، عَنِ سَعِيدِ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ، فِي قَوْلِ اللَّهِ: وَاتَّقُوا اللَّهَ يَعْنِي: الْمُؤْمِنِينَ، يُحَذِّرُهُمْ.
٢١٤٢ - حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ يَزِيدَ المقري، ثنا سُفْيَانُ، عَنْ سُهَيْلِ بْنِ أَبِي صَالِحٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ، يَبْلُغُ بِهِ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، قَالَ: يَلْقَى الْعَبْدُ رَبَّهُ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ، فَيَقُولُ: يَعْنِي الرَّبُّ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ: أَلَمْ أُكَرِّمْكَ، وَأُسَوِّدْكَ، وَأُسَخِّرْ لَكَ الْخَيْلَ وَالإِبِلَ وَأَذَرْكَ تَرْأَسُ وَتَرْبَعُ، فَظَنَنْتَ أَنَّكَ غير ملاقي.
٢١٤٣ - حدثنا أبو زرعة، ثنا يحي، ثنا ابْنُ لَهِيعَةَ، حَدَّثَنِي عَطَاءٌ، عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ، فِي قَوْلِ اللَّهِ وَبَشِّرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ يَقُولُ: بَشِّرْهُمْ بِالْجَنَّةَ فِي الآخِرَةِ.
قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: ولا تجعلوا الله عرضة لأيمانكم
[الوجه الأول]
٢١٤٤ - حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي ثنا أَبُو غَسَّانَ- مَالِكُ بْنُ إسماعيل، ثنا نحيى بْنُ سَلَمَةَ بْنِ كُهَيْلٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ عَطَاءٍ قَالَ: جَاءَ رَجُلٌ إِلَى عَائِشَةَ، فَقَالَ: يَا أُمَّ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ: إِنِّي نَذَرْتُ إِنْ كَلَّمْتُ فُلانًا، فَإِنَّ كُلَّ مَمْلُوكٍ لِي عَتِيقٌ لِوَجْهِ اللَّهِ، وَكُلَّ مَالٍ لِي سِتْرٌ لِلْبَيْتِ.
قَالَتْ: لَا تَجْعَلْ مَمْلُوكِيكَ عِتْقًا لِوَجْهِ اللَّهِ، وَلا تَجْعَلْ مَالَكَ سِتْرًا لِلْبَيْتِ فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ يَقُولُ: وَلَا تَجْعَلُوا اللَّهَ عُرْضَةً لِأَيْمَانِكُمْ أَنْ تَبَرُّوا قالت: فكفر عن يمينك.
(١) . انظر تفسير عبد الرزاق ١/ ١٠٤.
