His saying, the Exalted: "or debt"
4909 - And by the same chain, from Sa'id regarding His saying: "or debt": meaning the inheritance is for the heirs after a debt [owed] by the deceased.
His saying, the Exalted: "Your fathers and your sons, you do not know which of them is nearer to you in benefit"
4910 - My father narrated to us, Abu Salih, the scribe of al-Layth, reported to us, Mu'awiyah ibn Salih narrated to me, from 'Ali ibn Abi Talhah, from Ibn 'Abbas regarding His saying: "Your fathers and your sons, you do not know which of them is nearer to you in benefit": He says: The most obedient of them to Allah among the fathers and the sons is the one who is the highest of you in degree before Allah on the Day of Resurrection, because Allah, glory be to Him, granted the believers the right of intercession for one another.
4911 - Ahmad ibn 'Uthman ibn Hakim al-Awdi narrated to us, Ahmad ibn Mufaddal reported to us, Asbat reported to us, from al-Suddi regarding His saying: "Your fathers and your sons, you do not know which of them is nearer to you in benefit": He said: Some of them said it refers to benefit in the Hereafter, and some of them said it is worldly benefit.
Abu Muhammad said: It is narrated from Mujahid regarding His saying: "which of them is nearer to you in benefit": that it is worldly benefit.
4912 - Abu Muhammad said: And it is narrated from al-Thawri: that it is the degree of the Hereafter.
His saying, the Exalted: "as an ordinance from Allah"
4913 - Abu Zur'ah narrated to us, Yahya ibn 'Abd Allah reported to us, Ibn Lahi'ah reported to us, 'Ata' ibn Dinar narrated to me, from Sa'id ibn Jubayr regarding His saying: "as an ordinance from Allah": meaning what has been mentioned regarding the division of the inheritance.
His saying, the Exalted: "Indeed, Allah is ever Knowing and Wise"
4914 - And by the same chain, from Sa'id ibn Jubayr regarding His saying: "Indeed, Allah is ever Knowing and Wise": [it refers to] the ruling on division.
4915 - 'Isam ibn Rawwad narrated to us, Adam reported to us, Abu Ja'far al-Razi reported to us, from al-Rabi', from Abu al-'Aliyah regarding His saying: "Wise": He said: Wise in His decree.
His saying, the Exalted: "And for you"
4916 - Abu Zur'ah narrated to us, Yahya ibn 'Abd Allah ibn Bukayr reported to us, Ibn Lahi'ah narrated to me, 'Ata' ibn Dinar narrated to me, from Sa'id ibn Jubayr regarding His saying: "And for you": He says: For the man.
(1). Al-Tafsir 1/149.
[قوله تعالى: أو دين]
٤٩٠٩ - وبه عن سعيد قَوْلَهُ: أَوْ دَيْنٍ يَعْنِي: الْمِيرَاثُ لِلْوَرَثَةِ مِنْ بَعْدِ دَيْنٍ عَلَى الْمَيِّتِ.
قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: آبَاؤُكُمْ وَأَبْنَاؤُكُمْ لَا تَدْرُونَ أَيُّهُمْ أَقْرَبُ لَكُمْ نَفْعًا
٤٩١٠ - حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي، ثنا أَبُو صَالِحٍ كَاتِبُ اللَّيْثِ، حَدَّثَنِي مُعَاوِيَةُ بْنُ صَالِحٍ، عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَلْحَةَ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ قَوْلَهُ: آبَاؤُكُمْ وَأَبْنَاؤُكُمْ لَا تَدْرُونَ أَيُّهُمْ أَقْرَبُ لَكُمْ نَفْعًا يَقُولُ: أَطْوَعُكُمْ لِلَّهِ مِنَ الآبَاءِ وَالأَبْنَاءِ- أَرْفَعِكُمْ دَرَجَةً عِنْدَ اللَّهِ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ لأَنَّ اللَّهَ سُبْحَانَهُ شَفَّعَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ بَعْضَهُمْ فِي بَعْضٍ.
٤٩١١ - حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عُثْمَانَ بْنِ حَكِيمٍ الأَوْدِيُّ، ثنا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُفَضَّلٍ، ثنا أَسْبَاطٌ، عَنِ السُّدِّيِّ قَوْلَهُ: آبَاؤُكُمْ وَأَبْنَاؤُكُمْ لَا تَدْرُونَ أَيُّهُمْ أَقْرَبُ لَكُمْ نَفْعاً قَالَ بَعْضُهُمْ: فِي نَفْعِ الآخِرَةِ، وَقَالَ بَعْضُهُمْ: إِنَّهُ نَفْعُ الدُّنْيَا.
قَالَ أَبُو مُحَمَّدٍ: وَرُوِيَ عَنِ مُجَاهِدٍ «١»
قَوْلُهُ: أَيُّهُمْ أَقْرَبُ لَكُمْ نَفْعاً: أَنَّهُ نَفْعُ الدُّنْيَا.
٤٩١٢ - وَقَالَ أَبُو مُحَمَّدٍ: وَرُوِيَ عَنِ الثَّوْرِيِّ: أَنَّهُ دَرَجَةُ الآخِرَةِ.
قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: فَرِيضَةً مِنَ اللَّهِ
٤٩١٣ - حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو زُرْعَةَ، ثنا يَحْيَى بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ، ثنا ابْنُ لَهِيعَةَ، حَدَّثَنِي عَطَاءُ بْنُ دِينَارٍ، عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ قَوْلَهُ: فَرِيضَةً مِنَ اللَّهِ يَعْنِي: مَا ذُكِرَ مِنْ قِسْمَةِ الْمِيرَاثِ.
قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: إِنَّ اللَّهَ كَانَ عَلِيماً حَكِيماً
٤٩١٤ - وَبِهِ عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ قَوْلُهُ: إِنَّ اللَّهَ كَانَ عَلِيماً حَكِيماً: حُكْمُ قِسْمَةٍ.
٤٩١٥ - حَدَّثَنَا عِصَامُ بْنُ رَوَّادٍ، ثنا آدَمُ، ثنا أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ الرَّازِيُّ، عَنِ الرَّبِيعِ، عَنْ أَبِي الْعَالِيَةِ قَوْلَهُ: حكيما قَالَ: حَكِيمٌ فِي أَمْرِهِ.
قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: وَلَكُمْ
٤٩١٦ - حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو زُرْعَةَ، ثنا يَحْيَى بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ بُكَيْرٍ، حَدَّثَنِي ابْنُ لَهِيعَةَ، حَدَّثَنِي عَطَاءُ بْنُ دِينَارٍ، عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ قَوْلَهُ: وَلَكُمْ يَقُولُ: لِلرَّجُلِ.
(١) . التفسير ١/ ١٤٩.
