in his guardianship—he is in charge of her affairs, so he restrains her in the hope that his wife will die so he may marry her, or that his son may marry her." Abu Muhammad said: It has been narrated from al-Sha'bi, 'Ata' ibn Abi Rabah, Abu Mijlaz, al-Dahhak, al-Zuhri, 'Ata' al-Khurasani, and Muqatil ibn Hayyan similar to what we have narrated from them.
5033 - It was read to Yunus ibn 'Abd al-A'la, Ibn Wahb informed us, al-Layth ibn Sa'd informed me, from Sa'id ibn Abi Hilal, that Zayd ibn Aslam said regarding this verse: "It is not lawful for you to inherit women by compulsion," that the people of Yathrib, when a man among them died in the Jahiliyyah, the one who inherited his wealth would inherit his wife; he would prevent her from marrying until he either married her himself or married her off to whom he wished. The people of Tihamah, on the other hand, would have a man treat his wife poorly until she would divorce him, and he would stipulate that she should not marry anyone except whom he wanted, until she redeemed herself from him with some of what he had given her. So Allah prohibited the believers from that.
[His saying, the Exalted: "And do not prevent them"]
[The first interpretation]
5034 - Abu Zur'ah narrated to us, Minjab ibn al-Harith al-Tamimi narrated to us, Bishr ibn 'Amarah informed us, from Abu Rawq, from al-Dahhak, from Ibn 'Abbas regarding His saying: "And do not prevent them," he said: He says: Do not forbid them, or restrain them. (It was also narrated from Sa'id ibn Jubayr something similar).
And the second interpretation:
5035 - My father narrated to us, Abu Salih—the scribe of al-Layth—narrated to us, Mu'awiyah ibn Salih narrated to me, from 'Ali ibn Abi Talhah, from Ibn 'Abbas regarding His saying: "And do not prevent them," meaning: Do not coerce them.
And the third interpretation:
5036 - Abu Sa'id al-Ashaj narrated to us, 'Ubayd Allah narrated to us, from Isra'il, from al-Suddi, from Abu Malik regarding His saying: "And do not prevent them," he said: Do not harm your wife so that she may redeem herself from you. (It was also narrated from al-Suddi and al-Dahhak something similar).
His saying, the Exalted: "In order to take away some of what you have given them"
5037 - My father narrated to us, Abu Salih narrated to us, Mu'awiyah ibn Salih narrated to me, from 'Ali ibn Abi Talhah, from Ibn 'Abbas regarding His saying: "In order to take away some of what you have given them," he said: This means a man who has a wife, but he dislikes her company, and she is owed a dower by him, so he harms her so she may redeem herself.
فِي حِجْرِهِ الْيَتِيمَةُ هُوَ يَلِي أَمْرَهَا، فَيَحْبِسُهَا رَجَاءَ أَنْ تَمُوتَ امْرَأَتُهُ فَيَتَزَوَّجُهَا أَوْ يَتَزَوَّجُهَا ابْنُهُ- قَالَ أَبُو مُحَمَّدٍ: وَرُوِيَ عَنِ الشَّعْبِيِّ، وَعَطَاءِ بْنِ أَبِي رَبَاحٍ، وَأَبِي مِجْلَزٍ، وَالضَّحَّاكِ، وَالزُّهْرِيِّ، وَعَطَاءٍ الْخُرَاسَانِيِّ، وَمُقَاتِلِ بْنِ حَيَّانَ نَحْوُ مَا رُوِّينَا عَنْهُمْ.
٥٠٣٣ - قُرِئَ عَلَى يُونُسَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الأَعْلَى، أَنْبَأَ ابْنُ وَهْبٍ، أَخْبَرَنِي اللَّيْثُ بْنُ سَعْدٍ، عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ أَبِي هِلالٍ قَالَ زَيْدُ بْنُ أَسْلَمَ فِي هَذِهِ الآيَةِ: لَا يَحِلُّ لَكُمْ أَنْ تَرِثُوا النِّسَاءَ كَرْهًا كَانَ أَهْلُ يَثْرِبَ إِذَا مَاتَ الرَّجُلُ مِنْهُمْ فِي الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ وَرِثَ امْرَأَتَهُ مَنْ يَرِثُ مَالَهُ، فَكَانَ يَعْضِلُهَا حَتَّى يَتَزَوَّجَهَا، أَوْ يُزَوِّجَهَا مَنْ أراد، وكان أهل تهامة يسيء الرَّجُلُ صُحْبَةَ الْمَرْأَةِ حَتَّى يُطَلِّقَهَا، وَيَشْتَرِطُ عَلَيْهَا أَلا تَنْكِحَ إِلا مَنْ أَرَادَ حَتَّى تَفْتَدِيَ مِنْهُ بِبَعْضِ مَا أَعْطَاهَا، فَنَهَى اللَّهُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عن ذلك.
[قوله تعالى: ولا تعضلوهن]
[الوجه الأول]
٥٠٣٤ - حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو زُرْعَةَ، ثنا مِنْجَابُ بْنُ الْحَارِثِ التَّمِيمِيُّ، أَنْبَأَ بِشْرُ بْنُ عُمَارَةَ، عَنْ أَبِي رَوْقٍ، عَنِ الضَّحَّاكِ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ فِي قَوْلِهِ: وَلا تَعْضُلُوهُنَّ قَالَ: يَقُولُ: لَا تَمْنَعُوهُنَّ، تَحْبِسُوهُنَّ- وَرُوِيَ عَنِ سَعِيدِ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ نَحْوُ ذَلِكَ.
وَالْوَجْهُ الثَّانِي:
٥٠٣٥ - حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي ثنا أَبُو صَالِحٍ كَاتِبُ اللَّيْثِ، حَدَّثَنِي مُعَاوِيَةُ بْنُ صَالِحٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَلْحَةَ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ قَوْلَهُ: وَلا تَعْضُلُوهُنَّ يَعْنِي: لَا تَقْهَرُوهُنَّ.
وَالْوَجْهُ الثَّالِثُ:
٥٠٣٦ - حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو سَعِيدٍ الأَشَجُّ، ثنا عُبَيْدُ اللَّهِ، عَنْ إِسْرَائِيلَ، عَنِ السُّدِّيِّ: عَنْ أَبِي مَالِكٍ فِي قَوْلِهِ: وَلا تَعْضُلُوهُنَّ قَالَ: لَا تَضُرَّ بِامْرَأَتِكَ لِتَفْتَدِيَ مِنْكَ وَرُوِيَ عَنِ السُّدِّيِّ وَالضَّحَّاكِ نَحْوُ ذَلِكَ.
قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: لِتَذْهَبُوا بِبَعْضِ مَا آتَيْتُمُوهُنَّ
٥٠٣٧ - حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي، ثنا أَبُو صَالِحٍ، حَدَّثَنِي مُعَاوِيَةُ بْنُ صَالِحٍ، عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَلْحَةَ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ قَوْلَهُ: لِتَذْهَبُوا بِبَعْضِ مَا آتَيْتُمُوهُنَّ قَالَ: يَعْنِي الرَّجُلَ تَكُونُ لَهُ الْمَرْأَةُ، وَهُوَ كَارِهٌ لِصُحْبَتِهَا، وَلَهَا عليه مهر فيضر بها لتفتدي.
