5185 - Ahmad ibn 'Uthman ibn Hakim al-Awdi narrated to us, Ahmad ibn Mufaddal narrated to us, Asbat narrated to us, from al-Suddi regarding His saying: "except that it be a trade by mutual consent from you": [It means] except that it be a trade, so let him profit a thousand from a dirham if he is able.
His saying, the Almighty: "And do not kill yourselves. Indeed, Allah is to you ever Merciful."
[The first aspect]
5186 - Abu Sa'id al-Ashaj narrated to us, Hafs ibn Ghiyath narrated to us, from 'Imran ibn Sulayman, from Abu Salih and 'Ikrimah regarding "and do not kill yourselves," they both said: He forbade them from killing one another. It was also narrated from Mujahid, al-Hasan, Sa'id ibn Jubayr, 'Ata', Abu Sinan, Muqatil ibn Hayyan, and Matar al-Warraq similarly.
The second aspect:
5187 - My father narrated to us, Mu'adh ibn Fadalah narrated to us, Ibn Lahi'ah narrated to us, from Yazid ibn Abi Habib, from 'Imran ibn Abi Unays, from 'Abd al-Rahman ibn Jubayr, from 'Amr ibn al-'As that he said: O Messenger of Allah, I had a wet dream on a cold night, and I had never experienced cold like it. I gave myself the choice between performing ghusl (full ritual bath), which would kill me, or performing wudu' (ablution). I remembered the saying of Allah the Almighty: "And do not kill yourselves. Indeed, Allah is to you ever Merciful," so I performed wudu'. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) laughed and did not say anything.
His saying, the Almighty: "And whoever does that"
[The first aspect]
5188 - Abu Zur'ah narrated to us, Yahya ibn 'Abdullah ibn Bukayr narrated to us, 'Abdullah ibn Lahi'ah narrated to me, 'Ata' narrated to me, from Sa'id ibn Jubayr regarding His saying: "And whoever does that," he means: [the violation of] both lives and property, intentionally. It was also narrated from Muqatil similarly.
The second aspect:
5189 - Muhammad ibn Yahya mentioned it, Yahya ibn al-Mughirah informed us, he said: Jarir mentioned that this verse is regarding those who fulfill the inheritance [requirements], and whoever does that out of hostility and injustice.
(1). Al-Mustadrak 1/177.
٥١٨٥ - حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عُثْمَانَ بْنِ حَكِيمٍ الأَوْدِيُّ، ثنا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُفَضَّلٍ، ثنا أَسْبَاطٌ، عَنِ السُّدِّيِّ قَوْلُهُ: إِلا أَنْ تَكُونَ تِجَارَةً عَنْ تَرَاضٍ مِنْكُمْ: إِلا أَنْ تَكُونَ تِجَارَةً فَلْيَرْبَحْ فِي الدِّرْهَمِ أَلْفاً إِنِ اسْتَطَاعَ.
قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: وَلَا تَقْتُلُوا أنفسكم إن الله كان بكم رحيما
[الوجه الأول]
٥١٨٦ - حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو سَعِيدٍ الأَشَجُّ، ثنا حَفْصُ بْنُ غِيَاثٍ، عَنْ عِمْرَانَ بْنِ سُلَيْمَانَ عَنْ أَبِي صَالِحٍ، وَعِكْرِمَةَ وَلا تَقْتُلُوا أَنْفُسَكُمْ قَالا: نَهَاهُمْ عَنْ قَتْلِ بَعْضِهِمْ بَعْضاً- وَرُوِيَ عَنْ مُجَاهِدٍ وَالْحَسَنِ وَسَعِيدِ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ وَعَطَاءٍ وَأَبِي سِنَانٍ وَمُقَاتِلِ بْنِ حَيَّانَ، وَمَطَرٍ الْوَرَّاقِ نَحْوُ ذَلِكَ.
وَالْوَجْهُ الثَّانِي:
٥١٨٧ - حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي، ثنا مُعَاذُ بْنُ فَضَالَةَ، ثنا ابْنُ لَهِيعَةَ، عَنْ يَزِيدَ بْنِ أَبِي حَبِيبٍ، عَنْ عِمْرَانَ بْنِ أَبِي أُنَيْسٍ، عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ، عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ الْعَاصِ أَنَّهُ قَالَ:
يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ: إِنِّي احْتَلَمْتُ فِي لَيْلَةٍ بَارِدَةٍ لَمْ يُصِبْنِي بَرْدٌ مِثْلُهُ قَطُّ، فَخَيَّرْتُ نَفْسِي بَيْنَ أَغْتَسِلُ فَأَقْتُلُ نَفْسِي، وَأَتَوَضَّأُ، فَذَكَرْتُ قَوْلَ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى وَلَا تَقْتُلُوا أَنْفُسَكُمْ إِنَّ اللَّهَ كَانَ بِكُمْ رَحِيماً فَتَوَضَّأْتُ، فَضَحِكَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَلَمْ يَقُلْ شَيْئاً «١»
قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: وَمَنْ يفعل ذلك
[الوجه الأول]
٥١٨٨ - حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو زُرْعَةَ، ثنا يَحْيَى بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ بُكَيْرٍ، حَدَّثَنِي عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ لَهِيعَةَ، حَدَّثَنِي عَطَاءٌ عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ قَوْلَهُ: وَمَنْ يَفْعَلْ ذَلِكَ يَعْنِي: الدِّمَاءَ وَالأَمْوَالَ جَمِيعًا مُتَعَمِّدًا- وَرُوِيَ عَنْ مُقَاتِلٍ نَحْوُ ذَلِكَ.
وَالْوَجْهُ الثَّانِي:
٥١٨٩ - ذَكَرَهُ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى، أَنْبَأَ يَحْيَى بْنُ الْمُغِيرَةِ قَالَ: ذَكَرَ جَرِيرٌ: أَنَّ هَذِهِ الآيَةُ فِيمَنْ يُؤَدِّي الْمِيرَاثَ، وَمَنْ يفعل ذلك عدوانا وظلما.
(١) . المستدرك ١/ ١٧٧.
