The second interpretation:

5242 - My father narrated to us, 'Abd Allah ibn 'Imran narrated to us, 'Ubayd Allah ibn Musa narrated to us, Isra'il informed us, from al-Suddi, from Abu Malik regarding His saying: "And to those your oaths have made a pact," he said: In the Pre-Islamic era, a man would come to a people, and they would contract for him that he was one of them, whether it was regarding harm, benefit, or blood (retaliation); he was among them just like one of them, and they would take from him the same as they took from themselves. He said: When there was a fight, they would say: "O so-and-so, you are one of us, so support us." He said: If there was a benefit, they would say: "Give us, you are one of us." But they would not support him as they supported one another if he sought their support, and if a matter befell him, some would help him and some would prevent it, and they would not give him the same as they took from him. He said: So they came to the Prophet (may Allah bless him and grant him peace) and asked him, and they felt constrained by that, and they said: "We had made pacts with them in the Pre-Islamic era." So Allah the Exalted revealed: "And to those your oaths have made a pact, so give them their share." He said: Give them the same as what you take from them.

The third interpretation:

5243 - Abu Zur'ah narrated to us, Yahya ibn 'Abd Allah ibn Bukayr narrated to us, 'Abd Allah ibn Lahi'ah narrated to me, 'Ata' ibn Dinar narrated to me, from Sa'id ibn Jubayr regarding his saying: "So give them their share": From the inheritance.

His saying the Exalted: "Indeed, Allah is ever, over all things, a Witness."

[His saying the Exalted: "Men are the protectors and maintainers of women"]

[The first interpretation]

5244 - Yunus ibn Habib narrated to us, Abu Dawud narrated to us, Ibn Abi Dhi'b narrated to us, from Sa'id—meaning al-Maqburi—from Abu Hurayrah, who said: The Messenger of Allah (may Allah bless him and grant him peace) said: "The best of women are those who, when you look at her, she pleases you; when you command her, she obeys you; and when you are away from her, she guards you in her wealth and her person," and he recited this verse: "Men are the protectors and maintainers of women..." until the end of the verse. It was narrated from al-Suddi and Muqatil ibn Hayyan similar to that.

5245 - My father narrated to us, Abu Salih narrated to us, Mu'awiyah ibn Salih narrated to me, from 'Ali ibn Abi Talhah, from Ibn 'Abbas regarding his saying: "Men are the protectors and maintainers of women," meaning: They are commanders over them, that she should obey him in what Allah has commanded her of obedience, and his obedience is that she should be good to his family and a guardian over his wealth. It was narrated from al-Suddi and Muqatil ibn Hayyan something similar to that.