His saying, the Exalted: "And Allah will reward the grateful."
4267 - And with the same chain, Muhammad ibn Ishaq said: "And Allah will reward the grateful" meaning: those who obey Him and act according to His command.
His saying, the Exalted: "And it is not for a soul"
4268 - And with the same chain, Muhammad ibn Ishaq said: "And it is not for a soul" meaning: for Muhammad (peace be upon him).
His saying, the Exalted: "to die except by permission of Allah [at] a decree determined."
4269 - Al-'Abbas ibn Yazid al-'Abdi narrated to us, he said: I heard Abu Mu'awiyah, from al-A'mash, from Habib ibn Suhbān who said: A man said to the Muslims—he was Hujr ibn 'Adi—: "What prevents you from crossing over to these enemies and this river?"—meaning the Tigris—"And it is not for a soul to die except by permission of Allah [at] a decree determined." Then he urged his horse into the Tigris. When he urged it, the people urged [their horses] as well. When the enemy saw them, they said: "Devils!" and fled.
4270 - My father narrated to us, Ahmad ibn al-Miqdam narrated to us, Muhammad ibn Bakr al-Bursani narrated to us, Sulaym ibn Nufay' al-Qurashi narrated to us, from Khalaf Abu al-Fadl al-Qurashi, from the book of 'Umar ibn 'Abd al-'Aziz, who said:
The saying of Allah: "And it is not for a soul to die except by permission of Allah [at] a decree determined" means: A soul will not die, while it has even an hour of its lifespan left in the world, until it reaches it.
4271 - Muhammad ibn al-'Abbas narrated to us, Junayj narrated to us, Salamah narrated to us, from Muhammad ibn Ishaq:
"And it is not for a soul to die except by permission of Allah [at] a decree determined" meaning: For Muhammad (peace be upon him) there is a term he is to reach, and when Allah permits that, it shall come to pass.
His saying, the Exalted: "And whoever desires the reward of this world - We will give him thereof"
4272 - And with the same chain, Muhammad ibn Ishaq said: "And whoever desires the reward of this world - We will give him thereof" meaning: Whoever among you desires the world, not out of longing for the Hereafter, We will give him what has been allotted to him in it of provision, and he shall have no share in the Hereafter.
His saying, the Exalted: "And whoever desires the reward of the Hereafter - We will give him thereof"
4273 - And with the same chain, Muhammad ibn Ishaq said: "And whoever desires the reward of the Hereafter" from among you, "We will give him thereof" what He promised him, along with what he is rewarded with of his provision in his world, and that is the reward of the grateful.
قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: وَسَيَجْزِي اللَّهُ الشَّاكِرِينَ
٤٢٦٧ - وَبِهِ قَالَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْحَاقَ: وَسَيَجْزِي اللَّهُ الشَّاكِرِينَ أَيْ: مَنْ أَطَاعَهُ وَعَمَلَ بِأَمْرِهِ.
قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: وَمَا كَانَ لِنَفْسٍ
٤٢٦٨ - وَبِهِ قَالَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْحَاقَ: وَمَا كَانَ لِنَفْسٍ أَيْ: لِمُحَمَّدٍ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ.
قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: أَنْ تَمُوتَ إِلا بِإِذْنِ اللَّهِ كِتَاباً مُؤَجَّلا
٤٢٦٩ - حَدَّثَنَا الْعَبَّاسُ بْنُ يَزِيدَ الْعَبْدِيُّ قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ أَبَا مُعَاوِيَةَ، عَنِ الأَعْمَشِ، عَنْ حَبِيبِ بْنِ صُهْبَانَ قَالَ: قَالَ رَجُلٌ لِلْمُسْلِمِينَ وَهُوَ حُجْرُ ابْنُ عَدِيٍّ: مَا يَمْنَعُكُمْ أَنْ تَعْبُرُوا إِلَى هَؤُلاءِ الْعَدُوِّ وَهَذِهِ النُّطْفَةِ، يَعْنِي: دِجْلهَ وَمَا كَانَ لِنَفْسٍ أَنْ تَمُوتَ إِلا بِإِذْنِ اللَّهِ كِتَاباً مُؤَجَّلا ثُمَّ أَقْحَمَ فَرَسَهُ فِي دِجْلَهَ، فَلَمَّا أَقْحَمَ، أَقْحَمَ، أَقْحَمَ النَّاسُ فَلَمَّا رَآهُمُ الْعَدُوَ، فَقَالُوا: دِيوَانٌ، فَهَرَبُوا.
٤٢٧٠ - حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي، ثنا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ الْمِقْدَامِ، ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ بَكْرٍ الْبُرْسَانِيُّ، ثنا سُلَيْمُ بْنُ نُفَيْعٍ الْقُرَشِيُّ، عَنْ خَلَفٍ أَبِي الْفَضْلِ الْقُرَشِيِّ، عَنْ كِتَابِ عُمَرَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ قَالَ:
قَوْلُ اللَّهِ: وَمَا كَانَ لِنَفْسٍ أَنْ تَمُوتَ إِلا بِإِذْنِ اللَّهِ كِتَاباً مُؤَجَّلا لَا تَمُوتُ نَفْسٌ وَلَهَا فِي الدُّنْيَا عُمْرٌ سَاعَةٍ إِلا بَلَغَتْهُ.
٤٢٧١ - حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْعَبَّاسِ، ثنا زُنَيْجٌ، ثنا سَلَمَةُ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْحَاقَ:
وَمَا كَانَ لِنَفْسٍ أَنْ تَمُوتَ إِلَّا بإذن اللَّهِ كِتَاباً مُؤَجَّلا أَيْ لِمُحَمَّدٍ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَجَلٌ هُوَ بَالِغُهُ، فَإِذَا أَذِنَ اللَّهُ فِي ذَلِكَ كَانَ.
قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: وَمَنْ يُرِدْ ثَوَابَ الدُّنْيَا نُؤْتِهِ مِنْهَا
٤٢٧٢ - وَبِهِ قَالَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْحَاقَ: وَمَنْ يُرِدْ ثَوَابَ الدُّنْيَا نُؤْتِهِ مِنْهَا أَيْ فَمَنْ كَانَ مِنْكُمْ يُرِيدُ الدُّنْيَا لَيْسَتْ رَغْبَةً فِي الآخِرَةِ، نُؤْتِهِ مَا قُسِمَ لَهُ فِيهَا مِنْ رِزْقٍ وَلا حَظَّ لَهُ فِي الآخِرَةِ.
قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: وَمَنْ يُرِدْ ثَوَابَ الآخِرَةِ نُؤْتِهِ مِنْهَا
٤٢٧٣ - وَبِهِ قَالَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْحَاقَ: وَمَنْ يُرِدْ ثواب الآخرة منكم نُؤْتِهِ مِنْهَا مَا وَعْدَهُ مَعَ مَا يُجْزَى عَلَيْهِ مِنْ رِزْقِهِ فِي دُنْيَاهُ، وَذَلِكَ جَزَاءُ الشَّاكِرِينَ.
