"And keep yourself patient [by being] with those who call upon their Lord in the morning and the evening, seeking His countenance." Khabab said: So we would sit with the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and when we reached the time at which he would stand, we would rise and leave him until he stood.
His saying, the Exalted: "That whoever among you does evil out of ignorance."
[The First Aspect]
7347 - Abu Sa'id al-Ashajj narrated to us, Abu Khalid al-Ahmar narrated to us, from 'Uthman ibn al-Aswad, from Mujahid, and Juwaybir, from al-Dahhak regarding His saying: "[out of] ignorance," they both said: It is not that his ignorance is (not knowing) the lawful and the unlawful, but rather, his ignorance is at the time he committed it.
7348 - Hajjaj ibn Hamzah narrated to us, Shababah narrated to us, Warqa' narrated to us, from Ibn Abi Najih, from Mujahid, regarding His saying: "[out of] ignorance," whoever disobeys his Lord is ignorant until he desists from his disobedience.
7349 - Abu Sa'id al-Ashajj narrated to us, Waki' narrated to us, from Sufyan, from Jabir, from Mujahid: "The repentance accepted by Allah is only for those who do evil [while] in ignorance." He said: Ignorance is intentionality. It was narrated from 'Ata' likewise.
7350 - Abu Sa'id al-Ashajj narrated to us, Abu Usamah narrated to us, from Juhayr ibn Yazid who said: I asked al-Hasan about His saying: "[out of] ignorance." I said: What is this ignorance? He said: They are a people who did not know what is for them and what is against them. I said: Have you considered if they had known? He said: Then they should depart from it, for it is ignorance.
The Second Aspect:
7351 - 'Ali ibn al-Husayn narrated to us, Abu Bakr ibn Abi Shaybah, al-Muqaddami, and Yahya ibn Khalaf narrated to us, they said: Mu'tamir ibn Sulayman narrated to us, from al-Hakam ibn Aban, from 'Ikrimah regarding His saying: "[out of] ignorance," he said: The entire world is ignorance.
His saying: "Then repents after that and corrects [himself]."
7352 - Ahmad ibn Sinan al-Wasiti narrated to us, 'Abd al-Rahman narrated to us, Sufyan narrated to us, from Mujammi' ibn Sim'an who said: I heard Mahan say: A group came to the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, having committed grave sins. Mahan said: I do not think he answered them with anything. They left, then this verse was revealed: "Then repents after that and corrects [himself]." So the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, sent for them, called them, and recited it to them.
وَاصْبِرْ نَفْسَكَ مَعَ الَّذِينَ يَدْعُونَ رَبَّهُمْ بِالْغَدَاةِ وَالْعَشِيِّ يُرِيدُونَ وَجْهَهُ قَالَ خَبَّابٌ:
فَكُنَّا نَقْعُدُ مَعَ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، فَإِذَا بَلَغْنَا السَّاعَةَ الَّتِي يَقُومُ فِيهَا قُمْنَا وَتَرَكْنَاهُ حَتَّى يَقُومَ.
قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: أَنَّهُ مَنْ عَمِلَ مِنْكُمْ سوءا.
[الوجه الأول]
٧٣٤٧ - حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو سَعِيدٍ الأَشَجُّ، ثنا أَبُو خَالِدٍ الأَحْمَرُ، عَنْ عُثْمَانَ بْنِ الأَسْوَدِ، عَنْ مُجَاهِد، وَجُوَيْبِرٍ، عَنِ الضَّحَّاكِ فِي قَوْلِهِ: سُوءًا بِجَهَالَةٍ قَالَا: لَيْسَ مِنْ جَهَالَتِهِ (أَنْ لَا يَعْلَمَ) حَلالا وَلا حَرَامًا، وَلَكِنْ مِنْ جَهَالَتِهِ حِينَ دَخَلَ فِيهِ.
٧٣٤٨ - حَدَّثَنَا حَجَّاجُ بْنُ حَمْزَةَ، ثنا شَبَابَةُ، ثنا وَرْقَاءُ،، عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي نَجِيحٍ، عَنْ مُجَاهِدٍ قَوْلَهُ: سُوءًا بِجَهَالَةٍ، مَنْ (عَصَى) رَبَّهُ فَهُوَ جَاهِلٌ حَتَّى يَنْزِعَ، عَنْ مَعْصِيَتِهِ.
٧٣٤٩ - حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو سَعِيدٍ الأَشَجُّ، ثنا وَكِيعٌ، عَنْ سُفْيَانَ، عَنْ جَابِرٍ، عَنْ مُجَاهِدٍ إِنَّمَا التَّوْبَةُ عَلَى اللَّهِ لِلَّذِينَ يَعْمَلُونَ السُّوءَ بِجَهَالَةٍ قَالَ: الْجَهَالَةُ الْعَمْدُ.
وَرُوِيَ، عَنْ عَطَاءٍ، مِثْلُهُ.
٧٣٥٠ - حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو سَعِيدٍ الأَشَجُّ، ثنا أَبُو أُسَامَةَ، عَنْ جُهَيْرِ بْنِ يَزِيدَ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ الْحَسَنَ، عَنْ قَوْلِهِ: السُّوءَ بِجَهَالَةٍ قُلْتُ: مَا هَذِهِ الْجَهَالَةُ؟ قَالَ: هُمْ قَوْمٌ لَمْ يَعْلَمُوا مَا لَهُمْ مِمَّا عَلَيْهِمْ. قُلْتُ: أَرَأَيْتَ لَوْ كَانُوا عَلِمُوا؟ قَالَ: فَلْيَخْرُجُوا مِنْهَا، فَإِنَّهَا جَهَالَةٌ.
الْوَجْهُ الثَّانِي:
٧٣٥١ - حَدَّثَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ الْحُسَيْنِ، ثنا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ، وَالْمُقَدَّمِيُّ، وَيَحْيَى بْنُ خَلَفٍ قَالُوا: ثنا مُعْتَمِرُ بْنُ سُلَيْمَانَ، عَنِ الْحَكَمِ بْنِ أَبَانَ، عَنْ عِكْرِمَةَ فِي قَوْلِهِ:
السُّوءَ بِجَهَالَةٍ قَالَ: الدُّنْيَا كُلُّهَا جَهَالَةٌ.
قَوْلُهُ: ثُمَّ تَابَ مِنْ بَعْدِهِ وَأَصْلَحَ.
٧٣٥٢ - حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ سِنَانٍ الْوَاسِطِيُّ، ثنا عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ، ثنا سُفْيَانُ، عن مجمع بن صمعان قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ مَاهَانَ قَالَ: جَاءَ قَوْمٌ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَدْ أَصَابُوا ذُنُوبًا عِظَامًا، فَقَالَ مَاهَانُ: فَمَا إِخَالُهُ رَدَّ عَلَيْهِمْ شَيْئًا. فَذَهَبُوا، فَنَزَلَتْ هَذِهِ الآيَةُ: ثُمَّ تَابَ مِنْ بَعْدِهِ وَأَصْلَحَ. فَأَرْسَلَ إِلَيْهِمْ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَدَعَاهُمْ فَقَرَأَ عَلَيْهِمْ.
