7755 - Abu Yazid al-Qaratisi informed us, in what he wrote to me, Asbagh narrated to us, he said: I heard 'Abd al-Rahman ibn Zayd ibn Aslam, and he recited: 'Daras-ta,' he said: You have known.
His saying, Exalted is He: 'And that We might make it clear to a people who know.'
7756 - 'Ali ibn al-Husayn narrated to us, Muhammad ibn al-'Ala' narrated to us, 'Uthman ibn Sa'id narrated to us, Bishr ibn 'Umarah narrated to us, from Abu Rawq, from al-Dahhak, from Ibn 'Abbas: 'They know,' he says: They understand.
His saying: 'Follow what has been revealed to you from your Lord; there is no deity except Him, and turn away from the polytheists.'
7757 - And through the same chain from Ibn 'Abbas, regarding His saying: 'There is no deity except Him': It is [a declaration of] monotheism (Tawhid).
His saying, Exalted is He: 'And if Allah had willed, they would not have associated others with Him.'
7758 - My father narrated to us, Abu Salih—the scribe of al-Layth—narrated to us, Mu'awiyah ibn Salih narrated to me, from 'Ali ibn Abi Talhah, from Ibn 'Abbas: regarding His saying: 'And if Allah had willed, they would not have associated others with Him,' he says: Allah, Blessed and Exalted is He, says: Had I willed, I would have gathered them all upon guidance.
His saying, Exalted is He: 'And you are not over them a guardian.'
7759 - Muhammad ibn Yahya narrated to us, al-'Abbas ibn al-Walid narrated to us, Yazid narrated to us, Sa'id narrated to us, from Qatadah, regarding His saying: 'And you are not over them a guardian,' meaning: a protector.
His saying: 'And do not insult those they invoke other than Allah.'
7760 - My father narrated to us, Abu Salih narrated to me, Mu'awiyah ibn Salih narrated to me, from 'Ali ibn Abi Talhah, from Ibn 'Abbas: regarding His saying: 'And do not insult those they invoke other than Allah, lest they insult Allah in enmity without knowledge,' they said: O Muhammad, you must surely cease insulting our gods or we will certainly lampoon your Lord. So Allah forbade them from insulting their idols, lest they insult Allah in enmity without knowledge.
7761 - al-Hasan ibn Abi al-Rabi' narrated to us, 'Abd al-Razzaq narrated to us, Ma'mar narrated to us, from Qatadah, he said: The Muslims used to insult the idols of the disbelievers, so the disbelievers would insult Allah in enmity without knowledge, so Allah, Mighty and Majestic is He, revealed: 'And do not insult those they invoke other than Allah.'
(1). al-Tafsir, 1/208.
٧٧٥٥ - أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو يَزِيدَ الْقَرَاطِيسِيُّ فِيمَا كَتَبَ إِلَيَّ ثنا أصبغ قال: سمعت عبد الرحمن ابن زَيْدِ بْنِ أَسْلَمَ، وَقَرَأَ: دَرَسْتَ قَالَ: عَلِمْتَ.
قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: وَلِنُبَيِّنَهُ لِقَوْمٍ يَعْلَمُونَ
٧٧٥٦ - حَدَّثَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ الْحُسَيْنِ ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْعَلاءِ ثنا عُثْمَانُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ ثنا بِشْرُ ابْنَ عُمَارَةَ عَنْ أَبِي رَوْقٍ عَنِ الضَّحَّاكِ عَنِ ابن عباس: يعلمون يَقُولُ: يَعْقِلُونَ.
قَوْلُهُ: اتَّبِعْ مَا أُوحِيَ إِلَيْكَ مِنْ رَبِّكَ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا هُوَ وَأَعْرِضْ عن المشركين
٧٧٥٧ - وَبِهِ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ، قَوْلُهُ: لَا إِلَهَ إِلا هُوَ: تَوْحِيدٌ.
قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: وَلَوْ شَاءَ اللَّهُ مَا أَشْرَكُوا
٧٧٥٨ - حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي ثنا أَبُو صَالِحٍ كَاتِبُ اللَّيْثِ حَدَّثَنِي مُعَاوِيَةُ بْنُ صَالِحٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ ابْنِ أَبِي طَلْحَةَ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ: قَوْلَهُ: وَلَوْ شَاءَ اللَّهُ مَا أَشْرَكُوا يَقُولُ اللَّهُ تَبَارَكَ وَتَعَالَى: لَوْ شِئْتُ لَجَمَعْتُهُمْ عَلَى الْهُدَى أَجْمَعِينَ.
قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: وَمَا أَنْتَ عَلَيْهِمْ بِوَكِيلٍ
٧٧٥٩ - حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى ثنا الْعَبَّاسُ بْنُ الْوَلِيدِ ثنا يَزِيدُ ثنا سَعِيدٌ عَنْ قَتَادَةَ قَوْلُهُ: وَمَا أَنْتَ عَلَيْهِمْ بِوَكِيلٍ أَيْ: بِحَفِيظٍ.
قَوْلُهُ: وَلَا تَسُبُّوا الَّذِينَ يَدْعُونَ مِنْ دُونِ اللَّهِ
٧٧٦٠ - حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي ثنا أَبُو صَالِحٍ حَدَّثَنِي مُعَاوِيَةُ بْنُ صَالِحٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَلْحَةَ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ: قَوْلَهُ: وَلا تَسُبُّوا الَّذِينَ يَدْعُونَ مِنْ دُونِ اللَّهِ فَيَسُبُّوا اللَّهَ عَدْوًا بِغَيْرِ عِلْمٍ، قَالُوا: يَا مُحَمَّدُ، لَتَنْتَهِيَنَّ عَنْ سَبِّكَ آلِهَتَنَا أَوْ لَنَهْجُوَنَّ رَبَّكَ. فَنَهَاهُمُ اللَّهُ أَنْ يَسُبُّوا أَوْثَانَهُمْ فَيَسُبُّوا اللَّهَ عَدْوًا بِغَيْرِ عِلْمٍ.
٧٧٦١ - حَدَّثَنَا الْحَسَنُ بْنُ أَبِي الرَّبِيعِ ثنا عَبْدُ الرَّزَّاقِ «١» ثنا مَعْمَرٌ عَنْ قَتَادَةَ قَالَ: كَانَ الْمُسْلِمُونَ يَسُبُّونَ أَصْنَامَ الْكُفَّارِ، فَيَسُبُّ الْكُفَّارُ اللَّهَ عَدْوًا بِغَيْرِ عِلْمٍ فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ: وَلا تَسُبُّوا الَّذِينَ يَدْعُونَ مِنْ دُونِ اللَّهِ.
(١) . التفسير ١/ ٢٠٨.
