had surpassed the Messenger of Allah (may Allah bless him and grant him peace) to the water. The Messenger of Allah (may Allah bless him and grant him peace) arrived and camped opposite them, with the valley between him and them. Then Satan cast into the hearts of the companions of the Messenger of Allah (may Allah bless him and grant him peace), saying: "You claim that you are the servants of Allah and follow the religion of Allah, while you pray in a state of ritual impurity (hadath) and major impurity (janabah), and the polytheists have already beaten you to the water?" So they were rained upon, and Allah purified them from ritual impurity and major impurity. The Messenger of Allah (may Allah bless him and grant him peace) commanded that basins be prepared, so they drank and gave [their mounts] drink. He said: "To purify you thereby."
His saying, the Almighty: "And to remove from you the filth of Satan."
[The first interpretation]
8865 - Hajjaj ibn Hamzah narrated to us, Shababah narrated to us, Warqa' narrated to us from Ibn Abi Najih, from Mujahid (1) regarding His saying: "The filth of Satan," meaning his whisperings, so He extinguished that with the rain. It was narrated from 'Ikrimah the like of that.
8866 - Al-'Abbas ibn al-Walid ibn Mazid informed us by way of reading, Ibn Shu'ayb ibn Shabur informed us, Sa'id ibn Bashir informed us from Qatadah regarding His saying: "And to remove from you the filth of Satan," [meaning] what Satan cast into their hearts regarding performing prayer without purification.
[The second interpretation]
8867 - Abu Yazid al-Qaratisi informed us in what he wrote to me, Asbagh narrated to us, Ibn Zayd (meaning 'Abd al-Rahman) informed us regarding His saying: "And to remove from you the filth of Satan," [meaning] what he cast into their hearts, [saying]: "You have no power against these [people]."
8868 - Muhammad ibn al-'Abbas, the freed slave of Banu Hashim, narrated to us, Muhammad ibn 'Amr Zunayj narrated to us, Salamah narrated to us from Muhammad ibn Ishaq, Muhammad ibn Ja'far ibn al-Zubayr narrated to us from 'Urwah ibn al-Zubayr: "And to remove from you the filth of Satan," meaning to remove from you the doubt of Satan, due to his frightening them with their enemy, and the hardening of the ground for them until they reached their camp which they had reached before their enemy.
His saying, the Almighty: "And to strengthen your hearts."
8869 - Al-'Abbas ibn al-Walid ibn Mazid informed us by way of reading, Ibn Shu'ayb informed us, Sa'id ibn Bashir informed us from Qatadah regarding His saying: "And to strengthen your hearts," he said: With patience.
(1). Al-Tafsir, 1/259, with the wording (with water).
سَبَقُوا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ إِلَى الْمَاءِ، فَقَدِمَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَنَزَلَ بِحِيَالِهِمْ وَبَيْنَهُ وَبَيْنَهُمُ الْوَادِي، فَقَذَفَ الشَّيْطَانُ فِي قُلُوبِ أَصْحَابِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، فَقَالَ: أَنْتُمْ تَزْعُمُونَ أَنَّكُمْ عِبَادُ اللَّهِ وَعَلَى دَيْنِ اللَّهِ وَأَنْتُمْ تُصَلُّونَ مُحْدِثِينَ مُجْنِبِينَ وَقَدْ سَبَقَكُمُ الْمُشْرِكُونَ إِلَى الْمَاءِ؟ فَمُطِرُوا فَطَهَّرَهُمُ اللَّهُ مِنَ الأَحْدَاثِ وَالْجَنَابَةِ، وَأَمَرَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ- صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ- بِحِيَاضٍ فَشَرِبُوا وَسَقَوْا فَقَالَ: لِيُطَهِّرَكُمْ بِهِ
قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: وَيُذْهِبَ عَنْكُمْ رِجْزَ الشَّيْطَانِ
[الوجه الأول]
٨٨٦٥ - حَدَّثَنَا حَجَّاجُ بْنُ حَمْزَةَ ثنا شَبَابَةُ ثنا وَرْقَاءُ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي نَجِيحٍ عَنْ مُجَاهِدٍ «١» قَوْلُهُ: رِجْزَ الشَّيْطَانِ وَسْوَسَتَهُ، فَأَطْفَأَ بِالْمَطَرِ. وَرُوِيَ عَنْ عِكْرِمَةَ نَحْوُ ذَلِكَ.
٨٨٦٦ - أَخْبَرَنَا الْعَبَّاسُ بْنُ الْوَلِيدِ بْنِ مَزْيَدٍ قِرَاءَةً أَنْبَأَ ابْنُ شُعَيْبِ بْنُ شَابُورَ أَنْبَأَ سَعِيدُ بْنُ بَشِيرٍ عَنْ قَتَادَةَ قَوْلُهُ: وَيُذْهِبَ عَنْكُمْ رِجْزَ الشَّيْطَانِ مَا أَوْقَعَ الشَّيْطَانُ فِي قُلُوبِهِمْ مِنَ الصَّلاةِ بِغَيْرِ طَهُورٍ.
الْوَجْهُ الثَّانِي:
٨٨٦٧ - أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو يَزِيدَ الْقَرَاطِيسِيُّ فِيمَا كَتَبَ إِلَيَّ ثنا أَصْبَغُ، أَخْبَرَنَا ابْنُ زَيْدٍ يَعْنِي عَبْدَ الرَّحْمَنِ قَوْلُهُ: وَيُذْهِبَ عَنْكُمْ رِجْزَ الشَّيْطَانِ الَّذِي أَلْقَى فِي قُلُوبِهِمْ لَيْسَ لَكُمْ بِهَؤُلاءِ طَاقَةٌ.
٨٨٦٨ - حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْعَبَّاسِ مَوْلَى بَنِي هَاشِمٍ ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَمْرٍو زُنَيْجٌ ثنا سَلَمَةُ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْحَاقَ، ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ الزُّبَيْرِ عَنْ عُرْوَةَ بْنِ الزُّبَيْرِ وَيُذْهِبَ عَنْكُمْ رِجْزَ الشَّيْطَانِ أَيْ لِيُذْهِبَ عَنْكُمْ شَكَّ الشَّيْطَانِ، لِتَخْوِيفِهِ إِيَّاهُمْ عَدُوَّهُمْ، وَاسْتِجْلادَ الأَرْضِ لَهُمْ حَتَّى انْتَهَوْا إِلَى مَنْزِلِهِمُ الَّذِي سَبَقُوا إِلَيْهِ عَدُوَّهُمْ.
قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: وَلِيَرْبِطَ عَلَى قُلُوبِكُمْ
٨٨٦٩ - أَخْبَرَنَا الْعَبَّاسُ بْنُ الْوَلِيدِ بْنِ مَزْيَدٍ قِرَاءَةً أَنْبَأَ ابْنُ شُعَيْبٍ أَنْبَأَ سَعِيدُ بْنُ بَشِيرٍ عَنْ قَتَادَةَ فِي قَوْلِهِ: وَلِيَرْبِطَ عَلَى قُلُوبِكُمْ قال: بالصبر.
(١) . التفسير ١/ ٢٥٩ بلفظ (بالماء) .
