and so on until the end, because it is an impurity that is purified in its place without the seven [washings], therefore it is purified by it (20) in its equivalent, like impurity on the earth. And because the separated [water] is part of the connected [water], and the connected [water] is purified by that, thus the separated [water] is also purified. It differs from that which separates from the earth and the place of istinja because the effective cause ('illah) for its lightness is the location, and it has been removed from it, so the mitigation is removed. The effective cause for its mitigation here is the limitation of its ruling by the washings that have passed over it. This is mandatory for it [wherever it may be] (21). Then, if it has separated from a place that was washed with earth, its place is washed without earth, and if the first was without earth, this [second] one is washed with earth. [And this is the choice of the Qadi, and it is more correct, if Allah Almighty wills] (22).

Section: There is no difference between the impurity from a dog's licking, or its hand, or its foot, or its hair, or other parts of it; because the ruling of every part of the animal's body is the same as the ruling of the rest of its parts, based on what we have established. The ruling on the pig is the ruling on the dog; because the text (nass) was revealed (23) regarding the dog, and the pig is more evil and more severe (24) than it; because Allah Almighty has decreed its prohibition, and the Muslims have reached a consensus (25) on that, and it is forbidden to keep it.

Section: Washing away impurity varies according to its location. If it is a solid object that does not absorb the impurity, such as vessels, then washing it is by letting (26) water pass over it, with each time being a washing, whether it is by the action of a human or not by his action, such as rain water falling upon it, or it being in a flowing river where the currents of the river pass over it. Every current that passes over it is a washing; because intent is not considered, so it resembles the case where a human pours it without intent. If it falls into a small, stagnant body of water, it makes it impure and it does not become clean, but if it is a large body of water...