And he said: "His narration is only from the people of al-Sham." If this is established regarding the person in a state of major impurity, then it is more appropriate for the menstruating woman, because her state of impurity is more significant. For this reason, intercourse is forbidden, fasting is prohibited, and prayer is waived for her, and she is treated the same in all other rulings.

Section: It is forbidden for them to recite a verse. As for a portion of a verse: if it is something by which the Quran is not distinguished from other things, such as the Basmala (saying 'In the name of Allah'), praising Allah (saying 'al-Hamdu lillahi'), and other forms of dhikr (remembrance), then if the Quran is not intended by it, there is no harm. For there is no disagreement that they may remember Allah the Exalted, and they need to say the Basmala when performing their ritual bath (ghusl), and it is not possible for them to avoid this. But if they intend to recite the Quran, or if what they recited is something by which the Quran is distinguished from other speech, then there are two narrations: One of them is that it is not permissible. It was narrated from ‘Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) that he was asked about a person in a state of major impurity reciting the Quran, and he said: "No, not even a letter." This is the school of al-Shafi‘i due to the generality of the report regarding the prohibition, and because it is the Quran, so it is prohibited to recite it, just like a [full] verse. The second [narration] is that one is not prohibited from it, which is the opinion of Abu Hanifah; because miraculousness (i‘jaz) is not achieved by it, and it does not suffice in a sermon, and it is permissible if the Quran is not intended by it, and likewise if it is intended.

Section: They may not remain in the mosque, due to the words of Allah the Exalted: "...nor [as] those in a state of major impurity, except those who are passing through, until they perform the full ablution" [Surah al-Nisa': 43] (8). And ‘A’ishah narrated that she said: The Prophet (may the peace and blessings of God be upon him) came, while the houses of his companions were opening into the mosque, and he said: "Direct these houses away from the mosque, for I do not permit the mosque for a menstruating woman nor for a person in a state of major impurity." Narrated by Abu Dawud (9). Passing through is permitted for a need, such as taking something, leaving something, or if the path is through it. As for other than that, it is not permissible under any circumstances.

Among those from whom a concession regarding passing through has been transmitted are Ibn Mas‘ud, Ibn ‘Abbas, Ibn al-Musayyab, Ibn Jubayr, al-Hasan, Malik, and al-Shafi‘i. Al-Thawri and Ishaq said: He shall not pass through the mosque unless he has no other choice, in which case he should perform tayammum (dry ablution). This is the opinion of the scholars of opinion (ashab al-ra’y), due to the words of the Prophet.