Section: As for fluids other than nabidh [excluding water] (35), such as vinegar, broth, and milk, there is no disagreement among the people of knowledge, as far as we know, that wudu and ghusl are not permissible with them, because Allah the Almighty established the quality of being a purifier (tahuriyya) for water by His saying: {And He sends down upon you from the sky, rain, to purify you thereby} (36), and the name "water" does not apply to these.

Among these [rules] is that water mixed with an additive does not result in ritual purity, and it falls into three categories:

The first: That from which ritual purity cannot be achieved according to a single narration, and it is of three (37) types:

First, that which is extracted from pure substances, such as rose water, clove water, and that which oozes (38) from the trunks of trees when they are cut while fresh.

Second, that which a pure substance has mixed with, changing its name and overcoming its components until it becomes dye, ink, vinegar, broth, or similar.

Third, that in which a pure substance has been cooked, changing it, such as the water of boiled fava beans.

So all these types are not permissible for wudu or ghusl, and we know of no disagreement regarding this, except what was narrated from Ibn Abi Layla (39) and al-Asamm (40) concerning extracted waters, that they are pure (tahur) such that ritual impurity is lifted by them and impurity is removed by them.

For the companions of al-Shafi'i, there is an opinion regarding the water of boiled fava beans, while the rest of the scholars whose statements have reached us are in disagreement with them.

[Abu Bakr] (41) bin al-Mundhir said: All the scholars whose statements we have preserved have agreed that