in that case, we evaluate it by other things that have a quality which becomes apparent upon the water, just as with a free person, if he is injured in a way other than a muddihah (a wound that exposes the bone) (11), we estimate his value as if he were a slave. If one doubts whether it inhibits [the water's purity], one should rely on the certainty of tahuriyyah (purifying nature), for it is the original state, and it is not removed by doubt (12).

Section: If that which falls into the water is used water, its small amount is excused.

Ishaq ibn Mansur said: I said to Ahmad: A man performs wudu, and some of it splashes back into his vessel? He said: There is no harm in it.

Ibrahim al-Nakha'i (13) said: It is inevitable. Something similar is reported from al-Hasan. This is the apparent state of the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) and his Companions, for they used to perform wudu from cups and basins (14), and perform ghusl from bowls. It has been narrated that the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) used to perform ghusl, he and Maymunah, from a bowl containing remnants of dough (15), and he and 'A'ishah performed ghusl from a single vessel (16) where their hands would alternate in it, and each of them would say to the other: "Leave some for me" (17). Something like this is not free from some splashing falling into the water. If the amount that falls in is large and excessive, it prohibits [the use of the water] according to one of the two narrations.