"I have annulled their marriage," then it is a choice of four. If he divorces one of them, it is a choice for her; because divorce only occurs in the case of a wife. If he says: "I have separated from these women," or "I have chosen the separation of these women," and he did not intend divorce by it, it is a choice of the others; because the Prophet (may Allah bless him and grant him peace) said to Ghaylan: "Choose four of them, and separate from the rest of them." This implies that the term "separation" is explicit regarding it, [just as the term "divorce" is explicit regarding it], and likewise in the hadith of Fayruz al-Daylami, who said: "So I went to the one who had been with me for the longest time and separated from her." This position is more specific [to this phrasing]; therefore, it must be designated [by this term] as an annulment. If he intended divorce by it, it is a choice for them rather than others. The Qadi mentioned two views regarding it when it is used without qualification; one of them is that it is a choice of those separated, because the term "separation" is explicit in divorce. The former is what we have mentioned. If he has intercourse with one of them, it is a choice of her, according to the analogy of the school; because it is not permissible except in a rightful union, so it indicates choice, like intercourse with a slave woman sold with a condition of option, and intercourse with a revocably divorced wife (raj'iyyah) is also a choice for her. If he performs ila' (vow of abstinence) from one of them, or zihar (comparing her to the back of his mother), it is not a choice for her; because it is valid toward someone who is not a wife, according to one of the two views, while in the other, it is a choice for her; because its legal ruling does not take effect toward someone who is not a wife.
(15) Omitted from the original. (16) Omitted from A, B, and M. (17) Omitted from A and B. (18) Omitted from B. (19) Reported by Abu Dawud, in: Chapter on one who converts to Islam while having more than four wives or two sisters, from the Book of Divorce. Sunan Abi Dawud 1/519. And al-Tirmidhi, in: Chapter on what was said regarding a man who converts to Islam while having two sisters, from the Chapters on Marriage. 'Aridat al-Ahwadhi 5/63. And Ibn Majah, in: Chapter on a man who converts to Islam while having two sisters, from the Book of Marriage. Sunan Ibn Majah 1/627. And Imam Ahmad, in: al-Musnad 4/232. And al-Bayhaqi, in: Chapter on one who converts to Islam while having more than four wives, from the Book of Marriage. al-Sunan al-Kubra 7/184, 185. (20) In the original: "bi-hadhihi al-lafzah" (with this word). (21) In the original: "yukhassas" (it is designated). (22) In M: "ikhtiyar" (choice).
فَسَخْتُ نِكاحَهُن. كان اخْتِيارًا للأرْبعِ. وإن طَلَّقَ إحْداهُنَّ، كان اختيارًا لها؛ لأنَّ الطَّلَاقَ لا يكونُ إلَّا فى زَوْجةٍ. وإن قال: قد (١٥) فارَقْتُ هؤلاء، أو اخْتَرْتُ فِراقَ هؤلاء. فإن لم يَنْوِ به (١٦) الطَّلاقَ، كان اخْتِيارًا لغيرِهِنَّ؛ لقولِ النَّبِىِّ -صلى اللَّه عليه وسلم- لِغَيْلانَ: "اخْتَرْ مِنْهُنَّ أرْبعًا، وفَارِقْ سَائِرَهُنَّ". وهذا يقتضِى أن يكونَ لَفْظُ (١٧) الفِرَاقِ صَرِيحًا فيه، [كما كان لفظُ الطَّلاقِ صَرِيحًا فيه] (١٨)، وكذا فى حديثِ فَيْرُوز الدَّيْلَمِىِّ (١٩) قال: فعَمَدْتُ إلى أقْدَمِهِنَّ صُحْبةً، ففارَقْتُها. وهذا الموضعُ أخَصُّ [بهذا اللفظِ] (٢٠). فيَجِبُ أن يتَخَصَّصَ (٢١) فيه بالفَسْخِ. وإن نَوَى به الطَّلاقَ، كان اخْتيارًا لهنَّ دُونَ غيرِهِنَّ. وذكر القاضى فيه عند الإطْلاقِ وَجْهَيْنِ؛ أحدهما، أنَّه يكونُ اختيارًا للمُفَارَقاتِ؛ لأنَّ لَفْظَ الفِرَاقِ صريحٌ فى الطَّلاقِ، والأوْلَى ما ذكرْناه. وإن وَطِىءَ إحْداهُنَّ، كان اختيارًا لها، فى قِياسِ المذهبِ؛ لأنَّه لا يجوزُ إلَّا فى مِلْكٍ، فيَدُلُّ على الاخْتيارِ، كوَطْءِ الجاريةِ المَبِيعةِ بشَرْطِ الخِيارِ، ووَطْءِ الرَّجْعِيَّةِ أيضًا اختيارًا (٢٢) لها. وإن آلَى من واحدةٍ منهنَّ، أو ظاهَرَ فها، لم يكُن اخْتِيارًا لها؛ لأنَّه يَصِحُّ فى غيرِ زَوْجةٍ، فى أحدِ الوَجْهينِ، وفى الآخَرِ، يكونُ اخْتِيارًا لها؛ لأنَّ حُكْمَه لا يَثْبُتُ فى غيرِ زَوْجةٍ.
(١٥) سقط من: الأصل.(١٦) سقط من: أ، ب، م.(١٧) سقط من: أ، ب.(١٨) سقط من: ب.(١٩) أخرجه أبو داود، فى: باب من أسلم وعنده أكثر من أربع أو أختان، من كتاب الطلاق. سنن أبى داود ١/ ٥١٩. والترمذى، فى: باب ما جاء فى الرجل يسلم وعنده أختان، من أبواب النكاح. عارضة الأحوذى ٥/ ٦٣. وابن ماجه، فى: باب الرجل يسلم وعنده أختان، من كتاب النكاح. سنن ابن ماجه ١/ ٦٢٧. والإمام أحمد، فى: المسند ٤/ ٢٣٢. والبيهقى، فى: باب من يسلم وعنده أكثر من أربع نسوة، من كتاب النكاح. السنن الكبرى ٧/ ١٨٤، ١٨٥.(٢٠) فى الأصل: "بهذه اللفظة".(٢١) فى الأصل: "يخصص".(٢٢) فى م: "اختيار".
