"Judge between them or turn away from them. And if you turn away from them, they will not harm you at all" (5:42). This indicates that they are left to their own rulings if they do not come to us. Furthermore, the Prophet (may Allah bless him and grant him peace) collected the jizya from the Magians of Hajar (27) and did not interfere with them in their rulings or their marriages, even with his knowledge that they deemed the marriage of their close kin (mahram) permissible. It has been narrated from Ahmad, regarding a Magian who married a Christian woman (30), that he said: 'Intervention is made between him and her.' It was said: 'Who intervenes between them?' He replied: 'The Imam.' Abu Bakr said: 'Because there is harm upon us in that,' meaning by the prohibition of the children of the Christian woman to us. This also applies to his view on a Christian marrying a Magian woman, and it follows from this opinion that intervention should be made between them and the marriage of their close kin; for 'Umar, may Allah be pleased with him, wrote: 'Separate between every close kin (mahram) among the Magians' (32). Ahmad also said, regarding a Magian who owned a Christian slave woman: 'Intervention is made between him and her, and he is compelled to sell her; because the Christians have a religion.' But if a Christian owns a Magian woman, there is no harm in him having intercourse with her. Abu Bakr 'Abd al-'Aziz said: 'It is not permissible for him to have intercourse with her either, due to the harm we have mentioned.'
1173 - Issue: He said: (If he marries her while they are both Muslims, and she apostatizes before consummation, the marriage is annulled and there is no dowry for her. If he is the one who apostatized before her and before consummation, it is the same, except that he is liable for half the dowry.)
(25) Surah al-Ma'idah 42. (26) In M: "fa-dalla". (27) Narrated by al-Bukhari, in: Chapter on Jizya and the Truce with the People of War, from the Book of Jizya. Sahih al-Bukhari 4/117. And Abu Dawud, in: Chapter on Collecting Jizya from the Magians, from the Book of Kharaj. Sunan Abi Dawud 2/150. And al-Tirmidhi, in: Chapter on what has been narrated regarding collecting jizya from the Magians, from the Chapters of Siyar. 'Aridat al-Ahwadhi 7/85. And Imam Malik, in: Chapter on the Jizya of the People of the Book and the Magians, from the Book of Zakat. Al-Muwatta 1/278. And Imam Ahmad, in: Al-Musnad 1/190, 191. (28) In A: "yata'arrad". (29) In M: "al-majusi". (30) In M: "nasraniyan". (31) Omitted from M. In A: "dhi rahm". (32) Narrated by al-Bukhari, Abu Dawud, and Imam Ahmad in the preceding citations.
فَاحْكُمْ بَيْنَهُمْ أَوْ أَعْرِضْ عَنْهُمْ وَإِنْ تُعْرِضْ عَنْهُمْ فَلَنْ يَضُرُّوكَ شَيْئًا} (٢٥). فيدُلُّ (٢٦) هذا على أنَّهم يُخَلُّوْنَ وأحْكامَهم إذا لم يَجِيئُوا إلينا، ولأنَّ النَّبِىَّ -صلى اللَّه عليه وسلم- أخذ الجِزْيةَ من مَجُوسِ هَجَرَ (٢٧)، ولم يَعْتَرِضْ (٢٨) عليهم فى أحكامِهِم ولا فى أَنْكِحَتِهِم، مع عِلْمِه أَنَّهم يَسْتَبِيحُون نكاحَ مَحارِمِهِم. وقد رُوِىَ عن أحمدَ، فى مَجُوسِىٍّ (٢٩) تزوجَ نَصْرَانِيَّةً (٣٠)، قال: يُحالُ بينَه وبينَها. قيل: مَنْ يَحُولُ بينهما؟ قال: الإِمَامُ. قال أبو بكر؛ لأنَّ عَلَيْنا ضَرَرًا فى ذلك. يعنى بتَحْرِيمِ أولادِ النَّصْرانيَّةِ علينا. وهكذا يجىءُ على قولِه فى تَزْويِجِ النَّصْرانِىِّ الْمَجُوسِيَّةَ، ويجىءُ على هذا القولِ أن يُحالَ بينهم وبين نكاحِ مَحارِمِهِم، فإنَّ عمرَ، رَضِىَ اللَّهُ عنه، كتَب، أن فَرِّقُوا بينَ كلِّ ذِى (٣١) مَحْرَمٍ من المَجُوسِ (٣٢). وقال أحمدُ، فى مَجُوسِىٍّ مَلَكَ أمةً نَصْرَانِيَّةً: يُحالُ بينه وبينها، ويُجْبَرُ على بَيْعِها؛ لأنَّ النَّصارَى لهم دِينٌ. فإنَّ مَلَكَ نَصْرانِىٌّ مَجُوسِيَّةً، فلا بأسَ أن يَطَأَها. وقال أبو بكرٍ عبدُ العزيز: لا يجوزُ له وَطْؤُها أيضًا؛ لما ذكرْناه من الضَّرَرِ.
١١٧٣ - مسألة؛ قال: (وَلَوْ تزَوَّجَهَا، وَهُمَا مُسْلِمانِ، فَارْتَدَّتْ قَبْلَ الدُّخولِ، انْفَسَخَ النِّكَاحُ، وَلَا مَهْرَ لَهَا. وإِنْ كَانَ هُوَ المُرْتَدَّ قَبْلَهَا وقَبْلَ الدُّخولِ، فَكَذلِك، إلَّا أَنَّ عَلَيْه نِصْفَ الْمَهْرِ)
(٢٥) سورة المائدة ٤٢.(٢٦) فى م: "فدل".(٢٧) أخرجه البخارى، ق: باب الجزية والموادعة مع أهل الحرب، من كتاب الجزية. صحيح البخارى ٤/ ١١٧. وأبو داود، فى: باب أخذ الجزية من المجوس، من كتاب الخراج. سنن أبى داود ٢/ ١٥٠. والترمذى، فى: باب ما جاء فى أخذ الجزية من المجوس، من أبواب السير. عارضة الأحوذى ٧/ ٨٥. والإمام مالك، فى: باب جزية أهل الكتاب والمجوس، من كتاب الزكاة. الموطأ ١/ ٢٧٨. والإمام أحمد، فى: المسند ١/ ١٩٠، ١٩١.(٢٨) فى أ: "يتعرض".(٢٩) فى م: "المجوسى".(٣٠) فى م: "نصرانيا".(٣١) سقط من: م. وفى أ: "ذى رحم".(٣٢) أخرجه البخارى، وأبو داود، والإِمام أحمد، فى المواضع السابقة.
