thereby, so the prohibition does not cease. This is the manifest view of the Madhhab. It has been narrated from Ahmad that it is lawful for him to marry her, and she remains with him upon one [remaining] divorce. He mentioned the hadith of Ibn Abbas, from the Prophet (peace be upon him), regarding the two slaves: "If he divorces her twice, then they are emancipated, he may marry her [again]." He said: "I do not see anything that refutes it, and more than one person holds this view, including Abu Salamah, Jabir, and Sa'id ibn al-Musayyib." It was recorded by Imam Ahmad in the "Musnad". Most of the narrations from Ahmad support the former view. He said: "The hadith of 'Uthman and Zayd regarding her prohibition to him is sound, whereas the hadith of Ibn Abbas is narrated by 'Amr ibn Mughith, and I do not recognize him." Ibn al-Mubarak said, rejecting this hadith: "Who is this Abu Hasan? He has carried a heavy rock." Ahmad said: "As for Abu Hasan, he is known to me, but I do not recognize 'Amr ibn Mughith." Abu Bakr said: "If the hadith is authentic, then the practice is according to it, but if it is not authentic, then the practice is according to the hadith of 'Uthman and Zayd, and that is what I hold." Ahmad said: "If a slave divorces his wife—a slave woman—twice, then he is emancipated and purchases her, she is not lawful to him." If he married while he was a slave and did not divorce her, or divorced her once, then was emancipated, he has three divorces [at his disposal] over her, or two if he had divorced her once; because at the time of the divorce [of the remaining count] he is free, so his status is considered at that time, just as the status of a woman in her waiting period (iddah) is considered at the time it occurs. If he married her while he was a free disbeliever, then he was captured and enslaved, then they both became Muslim, he only possesses the divorce of slaves, considering his status at the time of the divorce. If he divorced her during his disbelief once and took her back, then was captured and enslaved, he only possesses one [remaining] divorce. If he divorced her during his disbelief twice, then was enslaved, and wished to marry her [again], it is permitted, and he has
(15) Recorded by Abu Dawud, in: Chapter on the tradition concerning the divorce of a slave, from the Book of Divorce. Sunan Abi Dawud 1/505. And al-Nasa'i, in: Chapter on the divorce of a slave, from the Book of Divorce. Al-Mujtaba 6/126. And Ibn Majah, in: Chapter on one who divorces a slave woman twice then purchases her, from the Book of Divorce. Sunan Ibn Majah 1/673. (16) Al-Musnad 1/229, 334. (17) So it appeared in the manuscripts. In Al-Musnad 1/229 it is "'Amr ibn Mughith", and in Al-Musnad 1/334, Sunan Abi Dawud, Al-Mujtaba, and Sunan Ibn Majah it is "'Amr ibn Mu'tab". Al-'Uqayli said: "'Amr ibn Mu'tab is unknown (munkar) in hadith." It is also said: "'Amr ibn Abi Mughith". Al-Du'afa' al-Kabir 3/192. (18) In M: "tallaqa". (19) In M: "al-tazwij". (20) The letter "waw" was omitted from the original and B.
ذلك، فلا يَزولُ التَّحريمُ. وهذا ظاهرُ المذهبِ. وقد رُوِىَ عن أحمدَ، أنَّه يَحِلُّ له أَنْ يَتَزَوَّجَها، وتَبْقَى عندَه على واحدةٍ. وذَكَرَ حديثَ ابن عبّاسٍ، عن النَّبِىِّ -صلى اللَّه عليه وسلم-، فى الْمَمْلُوكَيْنِ: "إذَا طَلَّقَهَا تَطْلِيقَتَيْنِ ثُمَّ عَتَقَا، فَلَهُ أَنْ يَتَزَوَّجَهَا" (١٥). وقال: لا أرى شيئًا يَدْفَعُه، وغيرُ واحدٍ يَقولُ به؛ أبو سَلَمَةَ، وجابرٌ، وسعيدُ بن المُسَيِّبِ. وروَاه الإِمامُ أحمدُ، فى "المُسْنَدِ" (١٦). وأكثرُ الرِّواياتِ عن أحمدَ الأوَّلُ. وقال: حديثُ عثمانَ وزيدٍ فى تَحْريمِها عليه جَيِّدٌ، وحديثُ ابن عبَّاسٍ يَرْوِيه عمرو بنُ مُغيث (١٧)، ولا أعرِفُه. وقد قال ابنُ المُبَارَك: مَن أبو حَسَن هذا؟ لقد حَمَلَ صَخْرَةً عظيمةً. مُنْكِرًا لهذا الحديثِ. قال أحمدُ: أمّا أبو حسنٍ فهو عندى معروفٌ، ولَكِنْ لا أعْرِفُ عمرَو بن مُغِيثٍ. قال أبو بكرٍ: إنْ صحّ الحديثُ فالعَمَلُ عليه، وإن لم يَصِحَّ، فالعَمَلُ على حديثِ عثمانَ وزيدٍ، وبه أقولُ. قال أحمدُ: ولو طَلَّقَ عبدٌ زوجتَه الأمَةَ تَطْليقتَيْنِ، ثم عَتَقَ واشْتراها، لم تَحِلَّ له. ولو تَزَوَّجَ وهو عبدٌ، فلم يُطَلِّقْها، أو طَلَّقها واحدةً، ثم عَتَقَ، فله عليها ثلاثُ تطْليقاتٍ، أو طلْقتانِ إنْ كان طلَّقَها واحدةً؛ لأنَّه فى حالِ الطَّلاقِ حُرٌّ، فاعتُبِرَ حالُه حينَئِذٍ، كما يُغتَبَرُ حالُ المرأةِ فى العِدَّةِ حينَ وُجودِهَا. ولَو تَزَوَّجَها وهو حُرٌّ كافرْ، فسُبِىَ واسْتُرِقَّ، ثم أسْلَما جميعًا، لم يَمْلِك إلَّا طلاقَ العَبِيدِ، اعتبارًا بحالِه حينَ الطَّلاقِ. ولو طلَّقَها (١٨) فى كُفْرِه واحدةً وراجَعَها، ثم سُبِىَ واسْتُرِقَّ، لم يَمْلِك إلَّا طلقةً واحدةً. ولو طلَّقَها فى كُفْرِه طلقتَيْنِ، ثم اسْتُرِقَّ، وأراد التَّزَوُّجَ (١٩) بها، جاز، وله (٢٠)
(١٥) أخرجه أبو داود، فى: باب فى سنة طلاق العبد، من كتاب الطلاق. سنن أبى داود ١/ ٥٠٥. والنسائى، فى: باب طلاق العبد، من كتاب الطلاق. المجتبى ٦/ ١٢٦. وابن ماجه، فى: باب من طلق أمة تطليقتين ثم اشتراها، من كتاب الطلاق. سنن ابن ماجه ١/ ٦٧٣.(١٦) المسند ١/ ٢٢٩، ٣٣٤.(١٧) كذا ورد فى النسخ، وفى المسند ١/ ٢٢٩: "عمر بن مغيث"، وفى المسند ١/ ٣٣٤، وسنن أبى داود، والمجتبى، وسنن ابن ماجه: "عمر بن معتب". قال العقيلى: عمر بن معتب نكر الحديث. ويقال: عمر بن أبى مغيث. الضعفاء الكبير ٣/ ١٩٢.(١٨) فى م: "طلق".(١٩) فى م: "التزويج"(٢٠) سقطت الواو من: الأصل، ب.
