Section: A master is not killed for his slave, according to the opinion of the majority of scholars. It was related from al-Nakha'i and Dawud that he is killed for him, due to what Qatadah related, from al-Hasan, from Samurah, that the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, said: "Whoever kills his slave, we kill him, and whoever mutilates him, we mutilate him." Narrated by Sa'id, Imam Ahmad, and al-Tirmidhi, who said: "A Hasan Gharib (good but singular) hadith." [This is in addition to] the general texts and the reasoning mentioned in the preceding case. We argue based on what we mentioned in the preceding case, and from Umar, may Allah be pleased with him, that he said: "If I had not heard the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, say: 'A slave is not to be subjected to retaliation from his master, [and a child from his parent],' I would have subjected him to retaliation for you." Narrated by al-Nasa'i. And from Ali, may Allah be pleased with him, that a man killed his slave, so the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, flogged him one hundred lashes, banished him for a year, and erased his name from the [register of the] Muslims. Narrated by Sa'id and al-Khallal. Ahmad said: "There is nothing [substantial] in it because of Ishaq ibn Abi Farwah." It was also narrated by Amr ibn Shu'ayb, from his father, from his grandfather, from Abu Bakr and Umar, that they both said: "Whoever kills his slave is flogged one hundred [lashes] and deprived of his share with the Muslims." As for the hadith of Samurah, it is not established. Ahmad said: "Al-Hasan did not hear [it] from Samurah; it is merely a scroll."
(7) Extracted by Imam Ahmad in al-Musnad 5/10-12, 18, 19. And al-Tirmidhi in: The Chapter on What Has Been Related Regarding a Man Who Kills His Slave, from the Chapters on Blood Money (al-Diyat). Aridat al-Ahwadhi 6/183. It was also extracted by Abu Dawud in: The Chapter on Whoever Kills His Slave or Mutilates Him, Retaliation is Taken from Him, from the Book of Blood Money. Sunan Abi Dawud 2/484. And al-Nasa'i in: The Chapter on Retaliation by the Master for the Slave, from the Book of Qasamah (oaths). Al-Mujtaba 8/19. And Ibn Majah in: The Chapter on Whether a Free Person is Killed for a Slave, from the Book of Blood Money. Sunan Ibn Majah 2/888. And al-Darimi in: The Chapter on Retaliation Between a Slave and His Master, from the Book of Blood Money. Sunan al-Darimi 2/191. (8) In the original and B: "and the parent from his child." (9) Perhaps it is in al-Sunan al-Kubra; and it was extracted by al-Hakim in: The Book of Hudud. Al-Mustadrak 4/368. And al-Bayhaqi in: The Chapter on What Was Related Concerning Whoever Kills His Slave or Mutilates Him, from the Book of Crimes. Al-Sunan al-Kubra 8/36. And he extracted the wording: "A parent is not subjected to retaliation for a child" [via] al-Tirmidhi in: The Chapter on What Has Been Related Regarding a Man Who Kills His Son, is He Retaliated Against or Not, from the Chapters on Blood Money. Aridat al-Ahwadhi 6/175. And Imam Ahmad in al-Musnad 1/16. (10) And extracted by Ibn Majah in: The Chapter on Whether a Free Person is Killed for a Slave, from the Book of Blood Money. Sunan Ibn Majah 2/888. And al-Bayhaqi in: The Chapter on What Was Related Concerning Whoever Kills His Slave or Mutilates Him, from the Book of Crimes. Al-Sunan al-Kubra 8/36. (11) In B: "from." (12) Extracted by al-Bayhaqi in: The Chapter on What Was Related Concerning Whoever Kills His Slave or Mutilates Him, from the Book of Crimes. Al-Sunan al-Kubra 8/37. And Abd al-Razzaq in: The Chapter on a Free Person Killing a Slave Intentionally, from the Book of Blood Money. Al-Musannaf 9/491.
فصل: ولا يُقْتَلُ السَّيِّدُ بعَبْدِه، في قولِ أكثرِ أهلِ العلمِ. وحُكِيَ عن النَّخَعِيِّ وداودَ، أنَّه يُقْتَلُ به؛ لما رَوَى قَتادةُ، عن الحسنِ، عن سَمُرةَ، أنَّ النَّبِيَّ -صلى اللَّه عليه وسلم- قال: "مَنْ قَتَلَ عَبْدَهُ قَتَلْنَاهُ، وَمَنْ جَدَعَهُ جَدَعْنَاهُ". روَاه سعيدٌ، والإِمامُ أحمدُ، والتِّرْمِذِيُّ (٧)، وقال: حدِيثٌ حسنٌ غريبٌ. مع العُمُوماتِ والمعنى في التي قبلَها. ولَنا، ما ذكَرْناه في التي قبلَها، وعن عمرَ، رَضِيَ اللَّه عنه، أنَّه قال: لو لم أسْمَعْ رسولَ اللَّه -صلى اللَّه عليه وسلم- يقول: "لَا يُقَادُ المَمْلُوكُ مِنْ مَوْلَاهُ، [والولدُ مِنْ وَالِدِه] (٨) " لأَقَدْتُه منك. رَواه النَّسَائِيُّ (٩). وعن عليٍّ رَضِيَ اللَّه عنه، أنَّ رَجُلًا قَتَلَ عبدَه، فجَلَدَه النَّبِيُّ -صلى اللَّه عليه وسلم- مائةَ جَلْدةٍ، ونَفَاهُ عامًا، ومَحَا اسْمَه من المُسْلمينَ. رَواه سعيدٌ، والخَلَّالُ (١٠). وقال أحمدُ: ليس بشيءٍ من قِبَلِ إسحاقَ بن أبي فَرْوَةَ. ورَواه عَمْرُو بن شُعَيْبٍ، عن أبِيه، عن جَدِّه، عن أبي بكرٍ وعمرَ، أنَّهما قالا: مَن قَتَلَ عبدَه، جُلِدَ مائةً، وحُرِمَ سَهْمَه مع (١١) المسلمينَ (١٢). فأمَّا حديثُ سَمُرَةَ، فلم يَثْبُتْ. قال أحمد: الحَسَنُ لم يَسْمَعْ
(٧) أخرجه الإِمام أحمد، في المسند ٥/ ١٠ - ١٢، ١٨، ١٩. والترمذي، في: باب ما جاء في الرجل يقتل عبده، من أبواب الديات. عارضة الأحوذي ٦/ ١٨٣.كما أخرجه أبو داود، في: باب من قتل عبده أو مثل به أيقاد منه، من كتاب الديات. سنن أبي داود ٢/ ٤٨٤. والنسائي، في: باب القود من السيد للمولى، من كتاب القسامة. المجتبى ٨/ ١٩. وابن ماجه، في: باب هل يقتل الحر بالعبد، من كتاب الديات. سنن ابن ماجه ٢/ ٨٨٨. والدارمي، في: باب القود بين العبد وبين سيده، من كتاب الديات. سنن الدارمي ٢/ ١٩١.(٨) في الأصل، ب: "والوالد من ولده".(٩) لعله في السنن الكبرى، وأخرجه الحاكم، في: كتاب الحدود. المستدرك ٤/ ٣٦٨. والبيهقي، في: باب ما روى في من قتل عبده أو مثل به، من كتاب الجنايات. السنن الكبرى ٨/ ٣٦. وأخرج لفظ: "لا يقاد الوالد بالولد، الترمذي، في: باب ما جاء في الرجل يقتل ابنه يقاد منه أم لا، من أبواب الديات. عارضة الأحوذي ٦/ ١٧٥. والإِمام أحمد، في المسند ١/ ١٦.(١٠) وأخرجه ابن ماجه، في: باب هل يقتل الحر بالعبد، من كتاب الديات. سنن ابن ماجه ٢/ ٨٨٨. والبيهقي، في: باب ما روى في من قتل عبده أو مثل به، من كتاب الجنايات. السنن الكبرى ٨/ ٣٦.(١١) في ب: "من".(١٢) أخرجه البيهقي، في: باب ما روى في من قتل عبده أو مثل به، من كتاب الجنايات. السنن الكبرى ٨/ ٣٧. وعبد الرزاق، في: باب الحر يقتل العبد عمدا، من كتاب العقول. المصنف ٩/ ٤٩١.
