under it. If he does that, he has done wrong and must seek the forgiveness of Allah the Exalted, but he incurs no legal responsibility (aq_) nor is there any expiation if one of them is struck due to his obedience, because he did that out of his own choice and awareness. If the Imam is absent, Jihad is not to be delayed, because its benefit is lost by delaying it. If booty is obtained, its rightful owners divide it according to the requirements of the Sharia. The Qadi said: The division of bondwomen is delayed until an Imam appears, as a precaution for their chastity. If the Imam sends an army and appoints a commander over them, and he is killed or dies, the army has the right to appoint one of their own, just as the companions of the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) did in the army of Mu'tah. When their commanders, whom the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) had appointed, were killed, they appointed Khalid ibn al-Walid over themselves. This reached the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him), and he was pleased with their action, confirmed their judgment, and named Khalid on that day: "The Sword of Allah."
Section: Ahmad said: Umar said: "Keep your nails long in the land of the enemy, for it is a weapon." Ahmad said: They are needed in the land of the enemy; do you not see that if a man wants to untie a knot or something similar, he cannot do so if he has no nails? He also said, regarding al-Hakam ibn Amr: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) ordered us not to hide our nails during Jihad, for there is strength in the nails.
Section: Ahmad said: A man is seen off when he departs, but they do not meet him upon his return. Ali saw off the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) for the campaign of Tabuk, but did not meet him upon his return. It was narrated from Abu Bakr al-Siddiq, may Allah be pleased with him, that he
(7) In [A] and [M]: "one of them". (8) Narrated by al-Bukhari, in: The Chapter on the Virtues of Khalid ibn al-Walid, from the Book of the Virtues of the Companions, and in: The Chapter on the Battle of Mu'tah in the Land of the Levant, from the Book of Military Expeditions (Maghazi). Sahih al-Bukhari 5/34, 182. Also by al-Tirmidhi, in: The Chapter on the Virtues of Khalid ibn al-Walid, from the Chapters on Virtues. Aridat al-Ahwadhi 13/234. And Imam Ahmad, in the Musnad 1/8, 204, 4/90, 5/99, 301. (9) Cited by Ibn Hajar, in: The Chapter on the Command to Improve Weapons and Prepare Them for Jihad, from the Book of Jihad. Al-Matalib al-Aliyah 2/165. (10) Omitted from: [A]. (11) Narrated by Imam Malik, in: The Chapter on the Prohibition of Killing Women and Children, from the Book of Jihad. Al-Muwatta 2/447, 448. And by al-Bayhaqi with the same meaning, in: The Chapter on Seeing Off the Warrior and Bidding Him Farewell, from the Book of Al-Siyar (Expeditions). Al-Sunan al-Kubra 9/173. And by Ibn Abi Shaybah, in: The Chapter on Seeing Off the Warriors and Meeting Them, from the Book of Jihad. Al-Musannaf 2/534, 535.
تَحْتَها، فإن فعَلَ ذلك، فقد أساءَ، ويستغفرُ اللهَ تعالى، وليس عليه عَقْلٌ ولا كفَّارَةٌ إذا أُصيبَ واحدٌ منهم بطاعَتِه؛ لأنَّه فعَلَ ذلك باخْتيارِه ومعرفتِه. فإنْ عُدِمَ الإِمامُ، لم يُؤَخَّرِ الجِهاد؛ لأنَّ مصلحتَهُ تفُوتُ بتَأْخيره. وإنْ حَصَلَت غنيمَةٌ، قسَمَها أهلُها على مُوجَبِ الشَّرْعِ. قال القاضي: ويُؤَخَّرُ قِسْمةُ الإِماءِ حتى يظْهَرَ إمامٌ احتياطًا للفُروج. فإنْ بعَثَ الإِمامُ جَيْشًا، وأَمَّرَ عليهم أميرًا، فقُتِلَ أو ماتَ، فللجَيْشِ أنْ يُؤَمِّرُوا [واحِدًا منهم] (٧)، كما فَعل أصحابُ النَّبِيِّ -صلى اللَّه عليه وسلم- في جَيْشِ مُؤْتَةَ، لَمَّا قُتِلَ أُمَراؤُهم الذين أَمَّرَهُم النَّبِيُّ -صلى اللَّه عليه وسلم-، أَمَّرُوا عليهم خالِدَ بن الوليد، فبلَغَ النَّبِيَّ -صلى اللَّه عليه وسلم-، فرَضِىَ أمْرَهُم، وصَوَّبَ رَأْيَهم، وسَمَّى خالِدًا يومئذٍ: "سَيْفَ اللهِ" (٨).
فصل: قال أحمد: قال عمرُ: وَفِّرُوا الأظْفارَ في أرْضِ العدُوِّ؛ فإنَّه سِلاحٌ (٩). قال أحمد: يُحْتاجُ إليها في أَرْضِ العَدُوِّ، ألا تَرَى أنَّه إذا أرادَ أنْ يحُلَّ الحبْلَ أو الشىءَ، فإذا لم يكن له أظفارٌ لم يستطِعْ. وقال عن الحكم بن عمرو: أمرَنا رسولُ اللَّه -صلى اللَّه عليه وسلم- أنْ لا نُخْفِىَ الأظْفارَ في الجِهاد، فإنَّ القوَّةَ في (١٠) الأَظْفارِ.
فصل: قال أحمد: يُشَيَّعُ الرجلُ إذا خرجَ، ولا يتلقَّوْنَه، شَيَّعَ عليٌّ رسولَ اللَّه -صلى اللَّه عليه وسلم- في غَزْوةِ تَبُوكَ، ولمَ يَتلَقَّه (١١). ورُوِىَ عن أبي بكر الصدِّيق، رَضِىَ اللَّه عنه، أنَّه
(٧) في أ، م: "أحدهم".(٨) أخرجه البخاري، في: باب مناقب خالد بن الوليد، من كتاب فضائل الصحابة، وفي: باب غزوة مؤتة من أرض الشام، من كتاب المغازى. صحيح البخارى ٥/ ٣٤، ١٨٢. والترمذي، في: باب مناقب لخالد بن الوليد، من أبواب المناقب. عارضة الأحوذي ١٣/ ٢٣٤. والإِمام أحمد، في المسند ١/ ٨، ٢٠٤، ٤/ ٩٠، ٥/ ٩٩، ٣٠١.(٩) أورده ابن حجر، في: باب الأمر بتحسين السلاح وإعداده للجهاد، من كتاب الجهاد. المطالب العالية ٢/ ١٦٥.(١٠) سقط من: أ.(١١) أخرجه الإِمام مالك، في: باب النهي عن قتل النساء والولدان، من كتاب الجهاد. الموطأ ٢/ ٤٤٧، ٤٤٨. والبيهقي بمعناه، في: باب تشييع الغازى وتوديعه، من كتاب السير. السنن الكبرى ٩/ ١٧٣. وابن أبي شيبة، في: باب في تشييع الغزاة وتلقيهم، من كتاب الجهاد. المصنف ٢/ ٥٣٤، ٥٣٥.
