and after it" (43). Yahya said to me: How excellent it is to perform wudu' before and after it. I mentioned the hadith to Ahmad, and he said: No one narrated this (44) except Qays ibn al-Rabi', and his hadith is munkar (denied/rejected). I said: It reached me from Yahya ibn Sa'id that he said: Sufyan used to dislike washing the hands at the time of eating. Why did Sufyan dislike that? He said: Because it is from the custom of the non-Arabs (Ajam). I said: It reached me from Yahya ibn Sa'id that he said: Sufyan used to dislike having a loaf of bread under the bowl. Why did Sufyan dislike that? He said: He disliked that food be used [in that manner]. I said: Do you dislike it? He said: Yes. It was narrated from 'Uqayl that he said: I attended a banquet with Ibn Shihab, and they spread the dining table with bread, so he said: Do not take bread as a mat. Al-Marrudhi said: I said to Abu 'Abd Allah: Abu Ma'mar said that Abu Usama presented bread to them, and he broke it. He said: This is so you do not know how much you are eating. It was said to Abu 'Abd Allah: Is it disliked to eat while reclining? He said: Did the Prophet (peace be upon him) not say: "I do not eat while reclining"? Narrated by Abu Dawud (46). From Shu'ayb [ibn 'Abd Allah] (47) ibn 'Amr, from his father, he said: The Messenger of Allah was never seen eating while reclining. Narrated by Abu Dawud (48). From Ibn 'Umar, he said: The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) forbade a man from eating while lying on his stomach. Narrated by Abu Dawud (49).
Section: It is recommended to mention the name of Allah (Tasmiya) at the beginning of the meal and to praise Allah (Hamd) at its end, because 'Umar ibn Abi Salama (50) narrated that he said: I ate with the Prophet (peace be upon him), and my hand wandered in the bowl, so he said: "Say the name of Allah, eat with your right hand, and eat from what is near you." He said: My eating remained like that ever since.
(43) Recorded by Abu Dawud, in: Chapter on washing hands before food, from the Book of Foods. Sunan Abi Dawud 2/311. And al-Tirmidhi, in: Chapter on what has come regarding wudu' before and after food, from the Chapters on Foods. 'Aridat al-Ahwadhi 8/36. And Imam Ahmad, in: Al-Musnad 5/441. (44) In A and B: "with it". (45) In A and B: "dislikes". (46) Its authentication was previously provided in: 10/215. (47) Omitted from: Original. (48) In: Chapter on what has come regarding eating while reclining, from the Book of Foods. Sunan Abi Dawud 2/313. It was also recorded by Ibn Majah, in: Chapter on he who disliked that his heels be stepped on, from the Introduction. Sunan Ibn Majah 1/89. (49) In: Chapter on what has come regarding sitting at a dining table containing some things that are disliked, from the Book of Foods. Sunan Abi Dawud 2/314. It was also recorded by Ibn Majah, in: Chapter on the prohibition of eating while lying on one's stomach, from the Book of Foods. Sunan Ibn Majah 2/1118. (50) In M: "Muslima", an error.
وبَعْدَهُ" (٤٣). فقال لى يحيى: ما أَحْسَنَ الوضوءَ قَبْلَه وبَعْدَه. وذكرتُ الحديثَ لأحمدَ فقال: ما حَدَّثَ بهذا (٤٤) إلَّا قَيْسُ بنُ الرَّبِيعِ، وهو مُنْكَرُ الحَدِيث. قلتُ: بَلَغَنِى عن يحيَى بنِ سعيدٍ قال: كان سفيانُ يكرَهُ غَسْلَ اليَدِ عندَ الطعامِ، لِمَ كَرِهَ (٤٥) سفيانُ ذلك؟ قال: لأنَّه من زِىِّ العَجَمِ. قلتُ: بَلَغَنِى عن يحيى بنِ سعيدٍ، قال: كان سفيانُ يكْرَهُ أَنْ يكونَ تحتَ القَصْعَةِ الرَّغيفُ، لِمَ كَرِهَه سفيانُ؟ قال: كَرِهَ أَنْ يُسْتَعْمَلَ الطعامُ. قلتُ: تَكْرَهُه أنْتَ؟ قال: نَعَمْ. وروى عن عُقَيْل، قال: حَضَرْتُ مع ابنِ شِهابٍ وَلِيمةً، فَفَرَشُوا المائِدَةَ بالخُبْزِ، فقال: لا تَتَّخِذُوا الخبزَ بِساطًا. وقال المَرُّوذِىُّ: قلتُ لأَبِى عبد اللَّه: إنَّ أبا مَعْمَرٍ قال: إنَّ أبا أسامَةَ قَدَّمَ إليهم خُبْزًا، فكَسَرَهُ. قال: هذا لِئَلَّا تَعْرِفُوا كم تَأْكُلُون. وقيل لأبِى عبدِ اللَّه: يُكْرَهُ الأكلُ مُتَّكِئًا؟ قال: أليس قال النَّبِىُّ -صلى اللَّه عليه وسلم-: "لَا آكُلُ مُتَّكِئًا". روَاه أبو داود (٤٦). وعن شعيبِ [بنِ عبدِ اللَّه] (٤٧) بن عمرٍو، عن أبِيه، قال: ما رُئِىَ رسولُ اللَّه أن يأكُلُ مُتَّكِئًا قَطّ. روَاه أبو داود (٤٨). وعَن ابنِ عمرَ قال: نَهَى رسولُ اللَّه -صلى اللَّه عليه وسلم- أَنْ يأْكُلَ الرجلُ وهو مُنْبَطِحٌ. روَاه أبو داودَ (٤٩).
فصل: وتُسْتَحَبُّ التَّسْمِيَةُ عندَ الطَّعامِ، وحَمْدُ اللَّه عندَ آخِرِه؛ لما روَى عمرُ بن أبى سَلَمَةَ (٥٠)، قال: أكلْتُ مع النَّبِىِّ -صلى اللَّه عليه وسلم-، فجالَتْ يَدى فى القَصْعَةِ، فقال: "سَمِّ
(٤٣) أخرجه أبو داود، فى: باب فى غسل اليد قبل الطعام، من كتاب الأطعمة. سنن أبى داود ٢/ ٣١١. والترمذى، فى: باب ما جاء فى الوضوء قبل الطعام وبعده، من أبواب الأطعمة. عارضة الأحوذى ٨/ ٣٦. والإمام أحمد، فى: المسند ٥/ ٤٤١.(٤٤) فى أ، ب: "بها".(٤٥) فى أ، ب: "يكره".(٤٦) تقدم تخريجه، فى: ١٠/ ٢١٥.(٤٧) سقط عن: الأصل.(٤٨) فى: باب ما جاء فى الأكل متكئا، من كتاب الأطعمة. سنن أبى داود ٢/ ٣١٣.كما أخرجه ابن ماجه، فى: باب من كره أن يوطأ عقباه، من المقدمة. سنن ابن ماجه ١/ ٨٩.(٤٩) فى: باب ما جاء فى الجلوس على مائدة عليها بعض ما يكره، من كتاب الأطعمة. سنن أبى داود ٢/ ٣١٤. كما أخرجه ابن ماجه، فى: باب النهى عن الأكل منبطحا، من كتاب الأطعمة. سنن ابن ماجه ٢/ ١١١٨.(٥٠) فى م: "مسلمة" خطأ.
