‘Amir al-Juhani would pass by me and say, “O Khalid, come out with us so we may practice archery.” One day (14), I was slow to join him, so he said, “Come, I will tell you a hadith I heard from the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him). I heard the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) say: “Indeed, Allah admits three people into Paradise because of a single arrow: the one who makes it, seeking goodness in his craft (15); the one who shoots it; and the one who furnishes it. Shoot and ride, and that you shoot is dearer to me than that you ride. Everything that is not (a form of) play is useless except for three things: a man’s training of his horse, his playing with his wife, and his archery with his bow and arrows. And whoever abandons archery after having learned it, out of disdain for it, then it is a blessing he has abandoned.” From Mujahid, who said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: “Indeed, the angels do not attend any of your sports except for wagering (al-rihan) and archery contests (al-nidal)” (16). Al-Azhari said: Al-nidal is in archery, al-rihan is in horses, and al-sibaq (racing) is in both. Mujahid said: I saw Ibn ‘Umar running between the two targets, and if he hit a mark, he would say, “I have achieved it, I have achieved it” (17). Hudhayfah narrated the same.
1774 - Issue: He said: (And the stake (al-sabq) is only in archery, the hoof, and the camel’s foot, and nothing else.)
Al-sabq with the sukun (vowel-less) on the ba, and al-sabaq (1) with a fatha on it, refers to the wager brought forth in a race. What is meant by nahl (arrowhead) here is the arrow that has a head, by hafir (hoof) is the horse, and by khuff (camel’s foot) is the camel; he expressed each one of them by a part of it that is unique to it. Al-Khiraqi’s intent is that racing with a wager is not permissible except in these three. This is also the view of al-Zuhri and Malik. The people of Iraq said: It is permissible in racing on foot and wrestling, due to the report (athar) regarding both, for the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) raced with ‘Aisha (2) and wrestled with Rukanah (2).
= has been narrated regarding the virtue of archery in the cause of Allah, from the chapters on the virtues of Jihad. ‘Aridat al-Ahwadhi 7/135, 136. Al-Nasa’i, in: Chapter on the reward of one who shoots an arrow... from the Book of Jihad; and in: Chapter on a man’s training of his horse, from the Book of Horses. Al-Mujtaba 6/24, 185. Ibn Majah, in: Chapter on archery in the cause of Allah, from the Book of Jihad. Sunan Ibn Majah 2/940. Al-Darimi, in: Chapter on the virtue of archery and the command to do it, from the Book of Jihad. Sunan al-Darimi 2/204, 205. And Imam Ahmad, in: Al-Musnad 4/144, 146, 148. (14) Not present in: The original. (15) In B and M: “his craft”. (16) Recorded by Sa’id ibn Mansur, in the previous chapter. Al-Sunan 2/172. (17) Recorded by Sa’id ibn Mansur, in: The previous chapter. Al-Sunan 2/173. (1) In B: “al-sabiqa”. In M: “al-musabaqa”. (2) The citation preceded on the previous page.
عامِرٍ الجُهَنِىُّ يَمُرُّ بى فيقولُ: يا خالدُ، اخْرُجْ بنا نَرْمِى. فلَمَّا كان ذاتَ (١٤) يومٍ، أَبْطَأْتُ عنه، فقال: هَلُمَّ أُحَدِّثُكَ حَدِيثًا سَمِعْتُه من رسولِ اللَّه -صلى اللَّه عليه وسلم-، سَمِعْتُ رسولَ اللَّه -صلى اللَّه عليه وسلم- يقول: "إِنَّ اللَّه يُدْخِلُ بِالسَّهْمِ الْوَاحِدِ ثَلَاثَةً الجَنَّةَ؛ صَانِعَهُ يَحْتَسِبُ فى صَنْعَتِهِ (١٥) الخَيْرَ، والرَّامِىَ بِهِ، ومُنْبِلَهُ، ارْمُوا وارْكَبُوا، وأَنْ تَرْمُوا أحَبُّ إلَىَّ مِنْ أَنْ تَرْكَبُوا، ولَيْسَ مِنَ اللَّهْوِ إِلَّا ثَلَاثٌ؛ تَأدِيبُ الرَّجُلِ فَرَسَهُ، ومُلَاعَبَتُه أَهْلَهُ، ورَمْيُهُ بقَوْسِهِ ونَبْلِهِ، ومَنْ تَرَكَ الرَّمْىَ بَعْدَمَا عَلِمَهُ، رَغْبَةً عَنْهُ، فَإنَّهَا نِعْمَةٌ تَرَكَهَا". وعن مُجاهِدٍ، قال: قال رسولُ اللَّه -صلى اللَّه عليه وسلم-: "إِنَّ الْمَلَائِكَةَ لَا تَحْضُرُ مِنْ لَهْوِكُمْ إِلَّا الرِّهَانَ والنِّضَالَ" (١٦). قال الأَزْهَرِىُّ: النِّضالُ فى الرَّمْىِ، والرِّهانُ فى الخيلِ، والسِّباقُ فيهما. قال مُجاهِد: وَرَأَيْتُ ابنَ عمرَ يشْتَدُّ بين الهَدَفَيْن، إذا أصابَ خصلةً قال: أنا بِها، أنا بِها (١٧). وعن حُذَيْفَةَ مِثْلُه.
١٧٧٤ - مسألة؛ قال: (والسَّبْقُ فى النَّصْلِ والْحَافِرِ والْخُفِّ لَا غَيْرُ)
السَّبْقُ بسكونِ الباءِ، والسَّبَقَ (١) بفَتْحِها: الجُعْلُ الْمُخْرجُ فى المُسابقَةِ. والمرادُ بالنَّصْلِ ههُنا السَّهْمُ ذو النَّصْلِ، وبالحافرِ الفَرَسُ، وبالخُفِّ البعيرُ، عَبَّر عَن كُلِّ واحدٍ منها بجُزْءٍ منه يخْتَصُّ به. ومرادُ الْخِرَقِىِّ أَنَّ المُسابَقَةَ بعِوَضٍ لا تجُوزُ إلَّا فى هذه الثلاثَةِ. وبهذا قال الزُّهْرِىُّ، ومالِكٌ. وقال أهلُ العراق: يجوزُ ذلك فى المُسابَقَةِ على الأقْدامِ، والمُصارَعَةِ؛ لورودِ الأَثَرِ بهما، فإِنَّ النَّبِىَّ -صلى اللَّه عليه وسلم- سابَقَ عائشةَ (٢)، وصارَعَ رُكانَةَ (٢).
= جاء فى فضل الرمى فى سبيل اللَّه، من أبواب فضائل الجهاد. عارضة الأحوذى ٧/ ١٣٥، ١٣٦. والنسائى، فى: باب ثواب من رمى بسهم. . .، من كتاب الجهاد، وفى: باب تأديب الرجل فرسه، من كتاب الخيل. المجتبى ٦/ ٢٤، ١٨٥. وابن ماجه، فى: باب الرمى، فى سبيل اللَّه، من كتاب الجهاد. سنن ابن ماجه ٢/ ٩٤٠. والدارمى، فى: باب فى فضل الرمى والأمر به، من كتاب الجهاد. سنن الدارمى ٢/ ٢٠٤، ٢٠٥. والإمام أحمد، فى: المسند ٤/ ١٤٤، ١٤٦، ١٤٨.(١٤) لم يرد فى: الأصل.(١٥) فى ب، م: "صنعه".(١٦) أخرجه سعيد بن منصور، فى الباب السابق. السنن ٢/ ١٧٢.(١٧) أخرجه سعيد بن منصور، فى: الباب السابق. السنن ٢/ ١٧٣.(١) فى ب: "السابقة". وفى م: "المسابقة".(٢) تقدم التخريج فى الصفحة السابقة.
