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حولتواصلتبرّعبيانات النشرالخصوصيةشروط الاستخدامحق الانسحابإلغاء اشتراك
المغني لابن قدامة - ت التركي
مجلد 14 · صفحة 265فصل

الترجمة · EN

its condition, and it cannot be invalidated after its completion.

Section: If he testifies to one thousand, then says before judgment: "He has paid him five hundred from it" (5), his testimony is invalidated. Abu al-Khattab mentioned this, saying: If he testifies that he has a claim of one thousand against him, then one of them says: "He has paid him five hundred from it," his testimony is void. This is because he testified that the entire one thousand is owed by him, and if he paid him five hundred, the entire one thousand is not owed by him; thus, his statement is contradictory, and his testimony is invalidated. This differs from the case where he testifies to one thousand and then says: "Rather, it is five hundred." For that is a retraction of the testimony for five hundred and an admission of his own error, whereas this is not stating this by way of retraction. The text narrated from Ahmad is that his testimony for five hundred is accepted. He said: If he testifies to one thousand, and one of them says before judgment: "He has paid him five hundred from it," he has invalidated his testimony, and the one in whose favor testimony is given receives what they both agreed upon, which is five hundred. Thus, he validated his testimony regarding the remaining half of the thousand and invalidated it regarding the half he mentioned was paid, because that is in the position of a retraction of the testimony for it, so it is similar to if he had said: "I testify to one thousand, nay, to five hundred." Ahmad said: And if he comes after this session and says: "I testify that he paid him five hundred from it," it is not accepted from him, because he has already finalized the testimony. This may imply that he meant that if he comes after the judgment and testifies to the payment, it is not accepted from him because the thousand was established by their testimony and the judge's ruling, and his testimony regarding the payment is not accepted because it cannot be established by a single witness. However, if he testifies that he loaned him one thousand, then says: "He paid him five hundred from it," his testimony is accepted regarding the remainder of the thousand, in one view, because there is no contradiction or discrepancy in his statement.

1925 - Issue: He said: "And if one witness testifies to one thousand, and another to five hundred, judgment is rendered for the claimant of the one thousand for five hundred, and he swears along with his witness for the other five hundred, if he wishes."

الحواشي

(5) In A and M: "from us". (6) Omitted from M. (7) Omitted from A. (8) In B and M: "and the one in whose favor". (9) In B and M, there is an addition: "has".

العربية (المصدر)

شَرْطِه، فلا يُنْقَضُ بعدَ تَمامِه.

فصل: وإن شَهِدَ بألَفٍ، ثم قال قبلَ الحُكمِ: قَضاهُ منه (٥) خَمْسَمائةٍ. فسَدَتْ شهادتُه. ذكرَه أبو الخَطَّابِ، فقال: إذا شهدَ أَنَّ له (٦) عليه ألفًا، ثم قال أحدُهما: قَضاهُ (٧) منه خَمْسمائةٍ. بطَلَتْ شهادتُه؛ وذلك أنَّه شَهِدَ بأنَّ الألْفَ جميعَه عليه، وإذا قَضاهُ خَمْسَمائةٍ، لم تكُنِ الألفُ كلُّه عليه، فيكونُ كلامُه مُتناقِضًا، فتَفْسُدُ شهادتُه. وفارَقَ هذا ما لو شهِدَ بألفٍ، ثم قال: بل بخَمْسِمائةٍ. لأنَّ ذلك رجوعٌ عن الشَّهادةِ بخَمْسِمائةٍ، وإقرارٌ بغلَطِ نفسِه، وهذا لا يقولُ هذا على سَبيلِ الرُّجوعِ. والمنْصوصُ عن أحمدَ، أَنَّ شهادتَه تُقْبَلُ بخَمْسِمائةٍ؛ فإنَّه قالَ: إذا شهِدَ بألفٍ، فى قال أحدُهما قبلَ الحُكمِ: قَضاهُ منه خَمْسَمائةٍ. أفْسَدَ شهادتَه، وللمَشْهودِ (٨) له ما اجْتمعَا عليه، وهو خَمْسُمائةٍ. فصحَّحَ شهادتَه فى نِصْف الألْفِ الباقى، وأبْطلَها فى النِّصْفِ الذى ذكرَ أنَّه قَضاهُ؛ لأنَّ ذلك بمنْزلةِ الرُّجوعَ عن الشهادةِ به، فأشْبَهَ ما لو قال: أشْهَدُ بألْفٍ، بل بخَمْسِمائةٍ. قال أحمدُ: ولو جاءَ بعد هذا المجلسِ، فقال: أشْهَدُ أنَّه قَضَاهُ منه خَمْسَمائةٍ. لم يُقْبَلْ منه؛ لأنَّه قد أمْضَى الشَّهادةَ. فهذا يَحْتَمِلُ أنَّه أرادَ به أنَّه إذا جاءَ بعدَ الحُكمِ، فشَهِدَ بالقَضاءِ، لم يُقْبَلْ منه؛ لأنَّ الألْفَ (٩) وجَبَ بشهادتِهما، وحُكْمِ الحاكمِ، ولا تُقْبَلُ شهادتُه بالقضاءِ؛ لأنَّه لا يَثْبُتُ بشاهد واحدٍ. فأمَّا إن شَهِدَ أنَّه أقْرَضَه ألفًا، ثم قال: قَضاهُ منه خَمْسَمائةٍ. قُبلَتْ شهادتُه فى باقِى الألْفِ، وَجْهًا واحدًا؛ لأنَّه لا تَناقُضَ فى كلامِه، ولا اخْتلافَ.

١٩٢٥ - مسألة؛ قال: (وَإِذَا شَهِد شَاهِدٌ بِأَلْفٍ، وَآخرُ بِخَمْسِمِائَةٍ، حُكِمَ لِمُدَّعِى الأَلْفِ، بِخَمْسِمِائَةٍ، وَحَلَفَ مَعَ شَاهِدِهِ عَلَى الْخَمْسِمِائَةٍ الْأُخْرَى، إِنْ أَحَبَّ)

الحواشي

(٥) فى أ، م: "منا".(٦) سقط من: م.(٧) سقط من: أ.(٨) فى ب، م: "والمشهود".(٩) فى ب، م زيادة: "وقد".

السابقمجلد 14 · صفحة 265التالي
السابق14·265التالي