The Exalted One's saying: "It is He who created for you all that is on earth."
304 - Al-Hasan ibn Muhammad ibn al-Sabbah narrated to us, Hajjaj ibn Muhammad narrated to us, from Ibn Jurayj, Isma'il ibn Umayyah informed me, from Ayyub ibn Khalid, from 'Abdullah ibn Rafi', the freed slave of Umm Salamah, from Abu Hurayrah, who said: The Messenger of Allah (may Allah bless him and grant him peace) took my hand and said: "Allah created the soil on Saturday, He created the mountains therein on Sunday, He created the trees therein on Monday, He created the disliked things on Tuesday, He created the light on Wednesday, He spread the creatures therein on Thursday, and He created Adam after 'Asr on Friday, in the last hour of the hours of Friday, between 'Asr and the night."
305 - Al-Hasan ibn Abi al-Rabi' narrated to us, 'Abd al-Razzaq informed us, Ma'mar informed us, from Ibn Abi Najih, from Mujahid, regarding His saying: "It is He who created for you all that is on earth." He said: Allah created the earth before the heaven. When He created the earth, smoke rose from it, and that is the time He says: "Then He directed [Himself] to the heaven while it was smoke." He said: Some of them are above others, and the seven earths are some of them below others.
306 - Abu Zur'ah narrated to us, 'Amr ibn Hammad narrated to us, Asbat ibn Nasr narrated to us, from al-Suddi, regarding His saying: "It is He who created for you all that is on earth. Then He directed [Himself] to the heaven and made them seven heavens." He said: Indeed, Allah's Throne was upon the water, and He had not created anything other than what He created before the water. When He intended to create the creation, He brought forth smoke from the water, which rose above the water and towered over it, so He named it 'heaven' (sama'). Then He dried the water and made it one earth, then He split it and made it seven earths in two days, on Sunday and Monday. He created the earth upon a whale (hut), and the whale is the Nun which Allah mentioned in the Qur'an, saying: 'Nun. By the Pen.' The whale is in the water, the water is upon a rock, the rock is upon the back of an angel, the angel is upon a boulder, and the boulder is in the wind. This is the boulder which Luqman mentioned; it is not in the heaven nor in the earth. The whale moved and became agitated, so the earth shook. He then set the mountains upon it, and it became stable because of the mountains, and the mountains take pride over the earth. That is His saying: "And He has placed into the earth mountains standing firm, lest it sway with you." He created the mountains on it, its sustenance for its people, its trees, and what is fitting for it in two days. "And you attribute equals to Him; that is the Lord of the worlds." And He placed therein mountains standing firm from above it and blessed it—he says:
(1). Muslim, Kitab Sifat al-Munafiqin, no. 2789, 4/2149. (2). Al-Tabari.
قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: هُوَ الَّذِي خَلَقَ لَكُمْ مَا فِي الأَرْضِ جَمِيعًا
٣٠٤ - حَدَّثَنَا الْحَسَنُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الصَّبَّاحِ ثنا حَجَّاجُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ جُرَيْجٍ أَخْبَرَنِي إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ أُمَيَّةَ عَنْ أَيُّوبَ بْنِ خَالِدٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ رَافِعٍ مَوْلَى أُمِّ سَلَمَةَ عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ قَالَ: أَخَذَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ- صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ- بِيَدِي فَقَالَ: خَلَقَ اللَّهُ التُّرْبَةَ يَوْمَ السَّبْتِ، وَخَلَقَ الْجِبَالَ فِيهَا يَوْمَ الأَحَدِ، وَخَلَقَ الشَّجَرَ فِيهَا يَوْمَ الاثْنَيْنِ، وَخَلَقَ الْمَكْرُوهَ يَوْمَ الثُّلاثَاءِ، وَخَلَقَ النُّورَ يَوْمَ الأَرْبِعَاءِ، وَبَثَّ فِيهَا الدَّوَابَّ يَوْمَ الْخَمِيسِ، وَخَلَقَ آدَمَ بَعْدَ الْعَصْرِ يَوْمَ الْجُمُعَةِ فِي آخِرِ سَاعَةٍ مِنْ سَاعَاتِ الْجُمُعَةِ فِيمَا بَيْنَ الْعَصْرِ إِلَى اللَّيْلِ «١» .
٣٠٥ - حَدَّثَنَا الْحَسَنُ بْنُ أَبِي الرَّبِيعِ أَنْبَأَ عَبْدُ الرَّزَّاقِ أَنْبَأَ مَعْمَرٌ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي نَجِيحٍ عَنْ مُجَاهِدٍ «٢»
فِي قَوْلِهِ: هُوَ الَّذِي خَلَقَ لَكُمْ مَا فِي الأَرْضِ جَمِيعًا قَالَ: خَلَقَ اللَّهُ الأَرْضَ قَبْلَ السَّمَاءِ، فَلَمَّا خَلَقَ الأَرْضَ ثَارَ مِنْهَا دُخَانٌ فَذَلِكَ حِينَ يَقُولُ: ثُمَّ اسْتَوَى إِلَى السَّمَاءِ وَهِيَ دُخَانٌ. قَالَ بَعْضُهُنَّ فَوْقَ بَعْضٍ، وَسَبْعُ أَرَضِينَ بَعْضُهُنَّ تَحْتَ بَعْضٍ.
٣٠٦ - حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو زُرْعَةَ ثنا عَمْرُو بْنُ حَمَّادٍ ثنا أَسْبَاطُ بْنُ نَصْرٍ عَنِ السُّدِّيِّ قَوْلُهُ:
هُوَ الَّذِي خَلَقَ لَكُمْ مَا فِي الْأَرْضِ جَمِيعًا ثُمَّ اسْتَوَى إِلَى السَّمَاءِ فَسَوَّاهُنَّ سَبْعَ سَمَاوَاتٍ قَالَ: إِنَّ اللَّهَ كَانَ عَرْشُهُ عَلَى الْمَاءِ وَلَمْ يَخْلُقْ شَيْئًا غَيْرَ مَا خَلَقَ قَبْلَ الْمَاءِ، فَلَمَّا أَرَادَ أَنْ يَخْلُقَ الْخَلْقَ أَخْرَجَ مِنَ الْمَاءِ دُخَانًا فَارْتَفَعَ فَوْقَ الْمَاءِ فَسَمَا عَلَيْهِ، فَسَمَّاهُ سَمَاءً، ثُمَّ أَيْبَسَ الْمَاءَ فَجَعَلَهُ أَرْضًا وَاحِدَةً ثُمَّ فَتَقَهَا فَجَعَلَ سَبْعَ أَرَضِينَ فِي يَوْمَيْنِ فِي الأَحَدِ وَالاثْنَيْنِ، فَخَلَقَ الأَرْضَ عَلَى حُوتٍ، وَالْحُوتُ هُوَ النُّونُ الَّذِي ذَكَرَ الله في القرآن يقول: ن. والقلم وَالْحُوتُ فِي الْمَاءِ، وَالْمَاءُ عَلَى صَفَاةٍ، وَالصَّفَاةُ عَلَى ظَهْرِ مَلَكٍ، وَالْمَلَكُ عَلَى الصخرة، الصخرة فِي الرِّيحِ، وَهِيَ الصَّخْرَةُ الَّتِي ذَكَرَ لُقْمَانُ، لَيْسَتْ فِي السَّمَاءِ، وَلا فِي الأَرْضِ، فَتَحَرَّكَ الْحُوتُ فَاضْطَرَبَ فَتَزَلْزَلَتِ الأَرْضُ، فَأَرْسَى عَلَيْهَا الْجِبَالَ فَقَرَّتْ بِالْجِبَالِ، فَالْجِبَالُ تَفْخَرُ عَلَى الأَرْضِ، فَذَلِكَ قوله: وجعل فيها رواسي أن تميد بكم وَخَلَقَ الْجِبَالَ فِيهَا وَأَقْوَاتَ أَهْلِهَا وَشَجَرَهَا وَمَا يَنْبَغِي لَهَا فِي يَوْمَيْنِ وَتَجْعَلُونَ لَهُ أَنْدَادًا ذَلِكَ رَبُّ الْعَالَمِينَ، وَجَعَلَ فِيهَا رَوَاسِيَ مِنْ فوقها وبارك فيها- يقول
(١) . مسلم، كتاب صفات المنافقين، رقم ٢٧٨٩ ٤/ ٢١٤٩.(٢) . الطبري.