His saying, the Almighty: "And if two factions."
18609 - From Sa'id ibn Jubayr who said: The Aws and the Khazraj had a conflict between them with swords and sandals, so Allah revealed: "And if two factions," the verse.(1)
18610 - From al-Suddi who said: There was a man from the Ansar called 'Imran; his wife was named Umm Zayd. She wanted to visit her family, but her husband restrained her and placed her in an upper room of his where none of her family could enter. The woman sent word to her family, and her people came and brought her down so they could take her away. The man had left, so the man's family sought help. His paternal cousins came to stand between the woman and her family, so they pushed against one another and fought with sandals. Thus, this verse was revealed regarding them: "And if two factions among the believers fight, then make settlement between the two." The Messenger of Allah (may Allah bless him and grant him peace) then sent word to them, reconciled them, and they returned to the command of Allah.(2)
His saying, the Almighty: "He loves the just."
18611 - Abu Zur'ah told us, Muhammad ibn Abi Bakr al-Muqaddami told us, 'Abd al-A'la told us, from Ma'mar, from al-Zuhri, from Sa'id ibn al-Musayyib, from 'Abd Allah ibn 'Amr, that the Messenger of Allah (may Allah bless him and grant him peace) said: "Indeed, the just in the world shall be upon pulpits of pearl in front of the Most Merciful, because they acted justly in the world."(3)
His saying, the Almighty: "O you who have believed, let not a people ridicule another people."
18612 - From Muqatil (may Allah be pleased with him) regarding the saying of the Almighty: "O you who have believed, let not a people ridicule another people," he said: It was revealed concerning a group from Banu Tamim who mocked Bilal, Salman, 'Ammar, Khabbab, Suhayb, Ibn Fuhayrah, and Salim, the freed slave of Abu Hudhayfah.(4)
His saying, the Almighty: "And do not insult each other with [offensive] nicknames."
18613 - From Ibn Mas'ud regarding "And do not insult each other with [offensive] nicknames," he said: It is for a man to say, if a person was a Jew and then accepted Islam: "O Jew! O Christian! O Magian!" or to say to a Muslim man: "O evildoer (fasiq)!"(5)
(1) Al-Durr 7/560-561. (2) Al-Durr 7/560-561. (3) Ibn Kathir said: This is a sound, strong chain of transmission, its narrators are according to the criteria of the Sahih. (4) Al-Durr 7/563-567. (5) Al-Durr 7/563-567.
قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: وَإِنْ طَائِفَتَانِ
١٨٦٠٩ - عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ قَالَ: إِنَّ الْأَوْسَ وَالْخَزْرَجَ كَانَ بَيْنَهُمَا قِتَالٌ بِالسَّيْفِ وَالنِّعَالِ فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ وَإِنْ طَائِفَتَانِ الْآيَةَ «١» .
١٨٦١٠ - عَنِ السُّدِّيِّ قَالَ: كَانَ رَجُلٌ مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ يُقَالُ لَهُ عِمْرَانُ تَحْتَهُ امْرَأَةٌ يُقَالُ لَهَا أَمُّ زَيْدٍ، وَأَنَّهَا أَرَادَتْ أَنْ تَزُورَ أَهْلَهَا فَحَبَسَهَا زَوْجُهَا، وَجَعَلَهَا فِي عِلْيَةٍ لَهُ لا يدخل عليه أَحَدٌ مِنْ أَهْلِهَا، وَإِنَّ الْمَرْأَةَ بَعَثَتْ إِلَى أَهْلِهَا فَجَاءَ قَوْمُهَا فَأَنَزَلُوهَا لَيَنْطَلِقَوْا بِهَا، وَكَانَ الرَّجُلُ قَدْ خَرَجَ فَاسْتَعَانَ أَهْلُ الرَّجُلِ، فَجَاءَ بَنُو عَمِّهِ لَيَحُولُوا بَيْنَ الْمَرْأَةِ وَبَيْنَ أَهْلِهَا فَتَدَافَعُوا وَاجْتَلَدُوا بِالنِّعَالِ فَنَزَلَتْ فِيهِمْ هَذِهِ الْآيَةُ وَإِنْ طَائِفَتَانِ مِنَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ اقْتَتَلُوا فَبَعَثَ إِلَيْهِمْ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ- صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ- فَأَصْلَحَ بينهم وفاؤوا إِلَى أَمْرِ اللَّهِ «٢» .
قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: يُحِبُّ الْمُقْسِطِينَ
١٨٦١١ - حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو زُرْعَةَ، حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَبِي بَكْرٍ الْمُقَدِّمِيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الْأَعْلَى، عَنْ مَعْمَرٍ، عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ، عَنْ سَعِيدَ بْنَ الْمُسَيِّبِ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَمْرِو أَنّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ- صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ- قَالَ: «إِنَّ الْمُقْسِطِينَ فِي الدُّنْيَا عَلَى مَنَابِرَ مِنْ لُؤْلُؤٍ بَيْنَ يَدَيِ الرَّحْمَنِ بِمَا أَقْسَطُوا فِي الدُّنْيَا» «٣» .
قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا لَا يَسْخَرْ قَومٌ مِنْ قَوْمٍ
١٨٦١٢ - عَنْ مُقَاتِلٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ فِي قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا لَا يَسْخَرْ قَومٌ مِنْ قَوْمٍ قَالَ: نَزَلَتْ فِي قَوْمٍ مِنْ بَنِي تَمِيمٍ اسْتَهْزَءُوا مِنْ بِلالٍ وَسَلْمَانَ وَعَمَّارٍ وَخَبَّابٍ وَصُهَيْبٍ وَابْنِ فُهَيْرَةَ وَسَالِمٍ مَوْلَى أَبِي حُذَيْفَةَ «٤» .
قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: وَلا تَنَابَزُوا بِالْأَلْقَابِ
١٨٦١٣ - عَنِ ابْنِ مَسْعُودٍ وَلا تَنَابَزُوا بِالْأَلْقَابِ قَالَ: أَنْ يَقُولَ إِذَا كَانَ الرَّجُلُ يَهُودِيًّا فَأَسْلَمَ: يَا يَهُودِيُّ يَا نَصْرَانِيُّ يَا مَجُوسِيُّ وَيَقُولُ: لِلرَّجُلِ الْمُسْلِمِ يَا فَاسِقُ «٥» .
(١) الدر ٧/ ٥٦٠- ٥٦١.(٢) الدر ٧/ ٥٦٠- ٥٦١.(٣) قال ابن كثير: هذا إسناد جيد قوي رجاله على شرط الصحيح.(٤) الدر ٧/ ٥٦٣- ٥٦٧.(٥) الدر ٧/ ٥٦٣- ٥٦٧.
