His saying, the Almighty: 'Shackles.' His saying: 'Muqmahun' (with heads raised).
18030 - From Ibn 'Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) he said: "The shackles" are what is between the chest and the chin. They are 'muqmahun' (with heads raised), just as a beast is restrained by a bridle.
18031 - From Ibn 'Abbas regarding His saying: 'Muqmahun,' he said: Their hands are gathered to their necks under the chin.
18032 - From Mujahid regarding 'Muqmahun,' he said: Those whose heads are raised, and their hands are placed over their mouths.
18033 - From al-Suddi (may Allah be pleased with him) he said: A group of Quraysh conspired against the Prophet (may Allah bless him and grant him peace) to assault him. They came intending that, so Allah made 'a barrier from before them,' he said: a darkness, 'and a barrier from behind them,' he said: a darkness. 'And We have covered them, so they do not see,' he said: They did not see the Prophet (may Allah bless him and grant him peace).
18034 - From Mujahid regarding His saying: 'And We have put a barrier before them and a barrier behind them,' he said: From the truth, so they are wandering. 'And We have covered them, so they do not see' guidance, nor do they benefit from it.
His saying, the Almighty: 'And it is the same for them whether you warn them or do not warn them; they will not believe.'
18035 - From Ibn Zayd regarding the verse, he said: This barrier was placed between them and Islam and faith, so they could not reach it. He recited: 'And it is the same for them whether you warn them or do not warn them; they will not believe.' Whoever Allah prevents, he cannot do it.
His saying, the Almighty: 'You can only warn one who follows the Reminder.'
18036 - From Qatada regarding His saying: 'You can only warn one who follows the Reminder,' he said: Following the Reminder is following the Qur'an. 'And fears the Most Merciful unseen,' he said: He fears the punishment of Allah and His fire. 'So give him glad tidings of forgiveness and noble reward,' he said: Paradise.
(1) al-Durr 7/43-44. (2) al-Durr 7/43-44. (3) al-Durr 7/43-44. (4) al-Durr 7/43-44. (5) al-Durr 7/44-45. (6) al-Durr 7/44-45. (7) al-Durr 7/44-45.
قوله تعالى: أغلالا قَوْلُهُ: مُقْمَحُونَ
١٨٠٣٠ - عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ، عَنْهُمَا قَالَ: «الْأَغْلالُ» مَا بَيْنَ الصَّدْرِ إِلَى الذَّقَنِ فَهُمْ مُقْمَحُونَ كَمَا تُقْمَحُ الدَّابَّةُ بِاللِّجَامِ «١» .
١٨٠٣١ - عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ فِي قَوْلِهِ: مُقْمَحُونَ قَالَ: مَجْمُوعَةٌ أَيْدِيَهُمْ إِلَى أَعْنَاقِهِمْ تَحْتَ الذَّقَنِ «٢» .
١٨٠٣٢ - عَنْ مُجَاهِدٍ فَهُمْ مُقْمَحُونَ قَالَ: رَافِعُو رؤوسهم، وَأَيْدِيهِمْ مَوْضُوعَةٌ عَلَى أَفْوَاهِهِمْ «٣» .
١٨٠٣٣ - عَنِ السُّدِّيِّ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ، عَنْهُ قَالَ: ائْتَمَرَ نَاسٌ مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ بِالنَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وسلم ليسطوا عليه فجاؤا يُرِيدُونَ ذَلِكَ فَجَعَلَ اللَّهُ: مِنْ بَيْنَ أَيْدِيهِمْ سَدًا قَالَ: ظُلْمَةً وَمِنْ خَلْفِهِمْ سَدًا قَالَ: ظُلْمَةً فَأَغْشَيْنَاهُمْ فَهُمْ لا يُبْصِرُونَ قَالَ: فَلَمْ يُبْصِرُوا النَّبِيّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ «٤» .
١٨٠٣٤ - عَنْ مُجَاهِدٍ فِي قَوْلِهِ: وَجَعَلْنَا مِنْ بَيْنَ أَيْدِيهِمْ سَدًا وَمِنْ خَلْفِهِمْ سَدًا قَالَ: عَنِ الْحَقِّ فَهُمْ يَتَرَدَّدُونَ فَأَغْشَيْنَاهُمْ فَهُمْ لا يُبْصِرُونَ هَدًى، وَلا يَنْتَفِعُونَ بِهِ «٥» .
قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: وَسَوَاءٌ عَلَيْهِمْ أَأَنْذَرْتَهُمْ أَمْ لَمْ تَنْذِرْهُمْ لَا يُؤْمِنُونَ
١٨٠٣٥ - عَنِ ابْنِ زَيْدٍ فِي الْآيَةِ قَالَ: جُعِلَ هَذَا السَّدُ بَيْنَهُمْ وَبَيْنَ الْإِسْلامِ وَالْإِيْمَانِ، فَلَمْ يَخْلُصُوا إِلَيْهِ. وَقَرَأَ وَسَوَاءٌ عَلَيْهِمْ أَأَنْذَرْتَهُمْ أَمْ لَمْ تَنْذِرْهُمْ لَا يُؤْمِنُونَ مَنْ مَنَعَهُ اللَّهُ لَا يَسْتَطَيعُ «٦» .
قَولُهُ تَعَالَى: إِنَّمَا تُنْذِرُ مَنِ اتَّبَعَ الذِّكْرَ
١٨٠٣٦ - عَنْ قَتَادَةَ فِي قَوْلِهِ: إِنَّمَا تُنْذِرُ مَنِ اتَّبَعَ الذِّكْرَ قَالَ: اتِّبَاعُ الذِّكْرَ اتِّبَاعُ الْقُرْآنِ وَخَشِيَ الرَّحْمَنَ بِالْغَيْبِ قَالَ: خَشِيَ عَذَابَ اللَّهِ وَنَارَهُ فَبَشِّرْهُ بِمَغْفِرَةٍ وَأَجْرٍ كريم قال: الجنة «٧» .
(١) الدر ٧/ ٤٣- ٤٤.(٢) الدر ٧/ ٤٣- ٤٤.(٣) الدر ٧/ ٤٣- ٤٤.(٤) الدر ٧/ ٤٣- ٤٤.(٥) الدر ٧/ ٤٤- ٤٥.(٦) الدر ٧/ ٤٤- ٤٥.(٧) الدر ٧/ ٤٤- ٤٥.
