تفسير ابن أبي حاتم — قوله تعالى: ولا أن تبدل بهن من أزواج

مجلد 10 · صفحة 7قوله تعالى: ولا أن تبدل بهن من أزواج

الترجمة · EN

He [God] made lawful for him young believing women and a believing woman if she gave herself to the Prophet, and He prohibited every woman of religion except Islam. He said: 'O Prophet, indeed We have made lawful to you your wives,' up to His saying: 'as a privilege for you, excluding the [rest of the] believers.' He prohibited what was other than that among the types of people (1).

17747 - From Mujahid, may God be pleased with him, regarding 'It is not lawful for you (to marry other) women after this,' [meaning] Jewish women and Christian women. It is not appropriate for them to be Mothers of the Believers, except for what your right hand possesses. He said: 'It is the Jewish and Christian women; there is no harm in him purchasing her (2).'

17748 - From Umm Salamah, may God be pleased with her, she said: The Messenger of God (peace be upon him) did not die until God made it lawful for him to marry whatever women he wished, except for a woman who is a mahram (unmarriageable relative), and that is the saying of God: 'You can postpone whom you will of them, and you may receive whom you will (3).'

17749 - From Abu Dharr, may God be pleased with him, regarding 'It is not lawful for you (to marry other) women after this,' he said: 'From among the polytheist women, except for what you have captured and your right hand possesses (4).'

17750 - From Abu Dharr, may God be pleased with him, regarding 'It is not lawful for you (to marry other) women after this,' he said: 'From among the polytheist women, except for what you have captured and your right hand possesses (5).'

The saying of the Almighty: 'nor (is it lawful) for you to exchange them for (other) wives'

17751 - From Abdullah ibn Shaddad, may God be pleased with him, regarding His saying: 'nor (is it lawful) for you to exchange them for (other) wives,' he said: That is, if he had divorced them, it would not have been lawful for him to exchange them. He did, however, marry whoever he wished after this verse was revealed. He said: 'And it was revealed while he had nine wives, then he married after that Umm Habibah, may God be pleased with her, the daughter of Abu Sufyan, and Juwayriyah bint al-Harith (6).'

17752 - From al-Hasan, may God be pleased with him, regarding His saying: 'nor (is it lawful) for you to exchange them for (other) wives,' he said: 'God restricted him to his nine wives who were with him when he died.' Ali [ibn al-Madini] said: 'I informed Ali ibn al-Husayn, may God be pleased with him, of this, and he said: 'If he had wished, he could have married others.' The wording of Abd ibn Humayd is: 'He said: Rather, it was also permitted for him to marry others (7).'

The saying of the Almighty: 'O you who have believed, do not enter the houses of the Prophet...'

17753 - From Anas, may God be pleased with him, he said: When the Messenger of God (peace be upon him) married Zaynab bint Jahsh, may God be pleased with her, he invited the people, and they ate and then sat talking. He [the Prophet] seemed to be preparing to stand, but they did not move. When he saw that, he stood up. When those who stood, stood, three people remained sitting. The Prophet (peace be upon him) came to enter, but the people were still sitting. Then they stood up and left. I went and informed the Prophet (peace be upon him) that they had left. He came and entered, and I went to enter, but he cast the veil between me and him, and God the Almighty revealed: 'O you who have believed, do not enter the houses of the Prophet...' (1).

الحواشي

(1) al-Durr 6/638-639. (2) al-Durr 6/638-639. (3) al-Durr 6/638-639. (4) al-Durr 6/638-639. (5) al-Durr 6/638-639. (6) al-Durr 6/638-639. (7) al-Durr 6/638-639.

العربية (المصدر)

فَأَحَلَّ لَهُ الْفَتَيَاتِ الْمُؤْمِنَاتِ وَامْرَأَةً مُؤْمِنَةً إِنْ وَهَبَتْ نَفْسَهَا لِلنَّبِيِّ وَحَرَّمَ كُلَّ ذَاتِ دِينٍ إِلا الْإِسْلامَ وَقَالَ: يَا أَيُّهَا النَّبِيُّ إِنَّا أَحْلَلْنَا لَكَ أَزْوَاجَكَ إِلَى قَوْلِهِ: خَالِصَةً لَكَ مِنْ دُونِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَحَرَّمَ مَا سِوَى ذَلِكَ مِنْ أَصْنَافِ النَّاسِ «١» .

١٧٧٤٧ - عَنْ مُجَاهِدٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ، عَنْهُ لا يَحِلُّ لَكَ النِّسَاءُ مِنْ بَعْدُ يَهُودِيَاتٌ وَلا نَصْرَانِيَاتٌ لَا يَنْبَغِي أَنْ يَكُنَّ أُمَّهَاتِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ إِلا مَا مَلَكَتْ يَمِينُكَ قَالَ: هِيَ الْيَهُودِيَاتُ وَالنَّصْرَانِيَاتُ لَا بَأْسَ أَنْ يَشْتَرِيَهَا «٢» .

١٧٧٤٨ - عَنْ أُمِّ سَلَمَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ، عَنْهَا قَالَتْ: لَمْ يَمُتْ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ حَتَّى أَحَلَّ اللَّهُ لَهُ أَنْ يَتَزَوَّجَ مِنَ النِّسَاءِ مَا شَاءَ إِلا ذَاتَ مَحْرَمٍ، وَذَلِكَ قَوْلُ اللَّهِ: تُرْجِي مَنْ تَشَاءُ مِنْهُنَّ وتؤوي إِلَيْكَ مَنْ تَشَاءُ «٣» .

١٧٧٤٩ - عَنْ أَبِي ذَرٍّ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ، عَنْهُ لا يَحِلُّ لَكَ النِّسَاءُ مِنْ بَعْدُ قَالَ: مِنَ الْمُشْرِكَاتِ إِلا مَا سَبَيْتَ فَمَلَكَتْهُ يمينك «٤» .

١٧٧٥٠ - عَنْ أَبِي ذَرٍّ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ، عَنْهُ لا يَحِلُّ لَكَ النِّسَاءُ مِنْ بَعْدُ قَالَ: مِنَ الْمُشْرِكَاتِ إِلا مَا سَبَيْتَ فَمَلَكَتْهُ يَمِينُكَ «٥» .

قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: وَلا أَنْ تَبَدَّلَ بِهِنَّ مِنْ أَزْوَاجٍ

١٧٧٥١ - عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ شَدَّادٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ، عَنْهُ فِي قَوْلِهِ: وَلا أَنْ تَبَدَّلَ بِهِنَّ مِنْ أَزْوَاجٍ قَالَ: ذَلِكَ لَوْ طَلَّقَهُنَّ لَمْ يَحِلَّ لَهُ أَنْ يَتَبَدَّلَ وَقَدْ كَانَ يَنْكِحُ بَعْدَ مَا نَزَلَتْ هَذِهِ الْآيَةُ مَا شَاءَ، قَالَ: وَنَزَلَتْ وَتَحْتُهُ تِسْعُ نِسْوَةٍ ثُمَّ تَزَوَّجَ بَعْدُ أَمَّ حَبِيبَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ، عَنْهَا بِنْتَ أَبِي سُفْيَانَ، وَجُوَيْرِيَةَ بِنْتَ الْحَارِثِ «٦» .

١٧٧٥٢ - عَنِ الحَسَنِ رَضِيَ اللهُ، عَنْهُ فِي قَوْلِهِ: وَلا أَنْ تَبَدَّلَ بِهِنَّ مِنْ أَزْوَاجٍ قَالَ: قَصَرَهُ اللَّهُ عَلَى نِسَائِهِ التِّسْعِ اللاتِي مَاتَ، عَنْهُنَّ قَالَ عَلِيٌّ: فَأَخْبَرْتُ عَلِيَّ بْنَ الْحُسَيْنِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ، عَنْهُ، فَقَالَ: لَوْ شَاءَ تَزَوَّجَ غَيْرَهُنَّ وَلَفَظُ عَبْدِ بْنِ حُمَيْدٍ فَقَالَ: بَلْ كَانَ لَهُ أَيْضًا أَنْ يَتَزَوَّجَ غَيْرَهُنَّ «٧» .

قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا لَا تَدْخُلُوا بُيُوتَ النَّبِيِّ ...