[The Fourth Aspect]
5452 - My father narrated to us, Ishaq ibn al-Dayf narrated to us, Hajjaj narrated to us, from Ibn Jurayj, Abu al-Zubayr informed me that he heard Jabir ibn 'Abd Allah, when he was asked about the Taghut (idols/false objects of worship), he said: "They are soothsayers upon whom the devils descend."
5453 - Abu Sa'id al-Ashajj narrated to us, 'Ubayd Allah ibn Musa narrated to us, from Isra'il, from al-Suddi, from Abu Malik who said: "Al-Taghut is the soothsayer." It was also narrated from Abu al-'Aliyah in one of the narrations, and from 'Ikrimah in one of the narrations, from al-Sha'bi in one of the narrations, and from Sa'id ibn Jubayr something similar to that.
[The Fifth Aspect]
5454 - Abu Sa'id al-Ashajj narrated to us, 'Uqbah narrated to me, from Hanash ibn al-Harith, who said: I heard al-Sha'bi say: "Al-Taghut is the magician."
[The Sixth Aspect]
5455 - Hajjaj ibn Hamzah narrated to us, Shababah narrated to us, Warqa' narrated to us, from Ibn Abi Najih, from Mujahid, regarding His saying: "Al-Taghut," he said: "The devil in the form of a human; they seek judgment from him, and he is the one in charge of their affairs."
[The Seventh Aspect]
5456 - Abu Zur'ah narrated to us, Yunus—meaning Ibn 'Abd al-A'la—narrated to us, Ibn Wahb narrated to us, who said: Malik said to me: "Al-Taghut is that which they worship besides Allah."
His saying, the Exalted: "And they say to those who disbelieve: These are more rightly guided in way than those who believe."
5457 - Abu Sa'id al-Ashajj narrated to us, 'Ubayd Allah narrated to us, from Isra'il, from al-Suddi, from Abu Malik, that the people of Mecca said to Ka'b ibn al-Ashraf when he came to them: "Is our religion better or the religion of Muhammad?" He said: "Present your religion to me." They said: "Yes, we tend to the House of Allah, we slaughter the fat-humped camels, we provide water for the pilgrims, we uphold kinship ties, and we honor the guest." He said: "Your religion is better than the religion of Muhammad."
وَالْوَجْهُ الرَّابِعُ:
٥٤٥٢ - حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي، ثنا إِسْحَاقُ بْنُ الضَّيْفِ، ثنا حَجَّاجٌ، عَنِ ابْنِ جُرَيْجٍ أَخْبَرَنِي أَبُو الزُّبَيْرِ، أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ جَابِرَ بْنَ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ أَنَّهُ سُئِلَ عَنِ الطَّوَاغِيتِ، قَالَ: هُمْ كُهَّانٌ تَنْزِلُ عَلَيْهِمُ شَيَاطِينُ.
٥٤٥٣ - حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو سَعِيدٍ الأَشَجُّ، ثنا عُبَيْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ مُوسَى عَنْ إِسْرَائِيلَ عَنِ السُّدِّيِّ، عَنْ أَبِي مَالِكٍ قَالَ: الطَّاغُوتُ: الْكَاهِنُ. وَرُوِيَ عَنِ أَبِي الْعَالِيَةِ فِي إِحْدَى الرِّوَايَاتِ، وَعِكْرِمَةَ فِي إِحْدَى الرِّوَايَاتِ، وَالشَّعْبِيِّ فِي إِحْدَى الرِّوَايَاتِ وَسَعِيدِ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ نَحْوُ ذَلِكَ.
وَالْوَجْهُ الْخَامِسُ:
٥٤٥٤ - حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو سَعِيدٍ الأَشَجُّ، حَدَّثَنِي عُقْبَةُ، عَنْ حَنَشِ بْنِ الْحَارِثِ، قَالَ:
سَمِعْتُ الشَّعْبِيَّ يَقُولُ: الطَّاغُوتُ السَّاحِرُ.
وَالْوَجْهُ السَّادِسِ:
٥٤٥٥ - حَدَّثَنَا حَجَّاجُ بْنُ حَمْزَةَ، ثنا شَبَابَةُ، ثنا وَرْقَاءُ، عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي نَجِيحٍ عَنْ مُجَاهِدٍ قَوْلَهُ: الطَّاغُوتِ قَالَ: الشَّيْطَانُ فِي صُورَةِ الإِنْسَانِ، يَتَحَاكَمُونَ إِلَيْهِ، وَهُوَ صَاحِبُ أَمْرِهِمْ.
وَالْوَجْهُ السَّابِعُ:
٥٤٥٦ - حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو زُرْعَةَ، ثنا يُونُسُ يَعْنِي ابْنَ عَبْدِ الأَعْلَى- ثنا ابْنُ وَهْبٍ قَالَ:
وَقَالَ لِي مَالِكٌ: الطَّاغُوتُ: مَا يَعْبُدُونَ مِنْ دُونِ اللَّهِ.
قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: وَيَقُولُونَ لِلَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا هَؤُلاءِ أَهْدَى مِنَ الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا سبيلا
٥٤٥٧ - حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو سَعِيدٍ الأَشَجُّ، ثنا عُبَيْدُ اللَّهِ، عَنْ إِسْرَائِيلَ، عَنِ السُّدِّيِّ، عَنْ أَبِي مَالِكٍ، أَنَّ أَهْلَ مَكَّةَ قَالُوا لِكَعْبِ بْنِ الأَشْرَفِ وَقَدِمَ عَلَيْهِمْ: دِينُنَا خَيْرٌ أَوْ دِينُ مُحَمَّدٍ؟ قَالَ: اعْرِضُوا عَلَيَّ دِينَكُمْ. قَالُوا: نَعَمْ، نَعْمُرُ بَيْتَ اللَّهِ، وَنَنْحَرُ الْكَوْمَاءَ وَنَسْقِي الْحُجَّاجَ، وَنَصِلُ الرَّحِمَ وَنُقْرِي الضَّيْفَ، قَالَ: دِينُكُمْ خَيْرٌ مِنْ دِينِ مُحَمَّدٍ،