His saying, the Almighty: "And burn him in Hell."
[5969] Yunus ibn 'Abd al-A'la informed us by way of reading, Ibn Wahb informed us that Malik narrated to him, saying: 'Umar ibn 'Abd al-'Aziz used to say: The Messenger of Allah (may Allah bless him and grant him peace) and the authorities after him established traditions (sunan). Adhering to them is a confirmation of the Book of Allah, a completion of obedience to Allah, and a strength for the religion of Allah. No one has the right to change them, alter them, or look into anything that contradicts them. Whoever follows them is guided, and whoever seeks support through them is supported. And whoever opposes them has followed other than the way of the believers, so Allah has left him to what he has taken and will burn him in Hell, and evil it is as a destination.
His saying, the Almighty: "Indeed, Allah does not forgive that partners be associated with Him." Its interpretation has already preceded.
His saying, the Almighty: "They call upon none but female [deities] instead of Him."
[The First Interpretation]
[5970] My father narrated to us, Mahmud ibn Ghaylan narrated to us, al-Fadl ibn Musa informed us, al-Husayn ibn Waqid informed us, from al-Rabi' ibn Anas, from Abu al-'Aliyah, from Ubayy ibn Ka'b, regarding "They call upon none but female [deities] instead of Him," he said: With every idol there is a female jinn. It was reported from al-Hasan similar to this.
[The Second Interpretation]
[5971] Abu Zur'ah narrated to us, Minjab ibn al-Harith narrated to us, Bishr ibn 'Umarah informed us, from Abu Rawq, from al-Dahhak, from Ibn 'Abbas, regarding "They call upon none but female [deities] instead of Him," he said: The dead.
[5972] My father narrated to us, Abu Salamah narrated to us, Mubarak narrated to us, from al-Hasan: "They call upon none but female [deities] instead of Him." Al-Hasan said: The females are everything dead that has no soul, whether it is dry wood or a dry stone.
[5973] My father narrated to us, Muhammad ibn Salamah al-Bahili narrated to us, 'Abd al-'Aziz ibn Muhammad narrated to us, from Hisham—meaning ibn 'Urwah—from his father, from 'Aishah: "They call upon none but female [deities] instead of Him." She said: Idols. It was reported from Abu Salamah ibn 'Abd al-Rahman, 'Urwah ibn al-Zubayr, Mujahid, Abu Malik al-Ghifari, al-Suddi, and Muqatil ibn Hayyan similar to this.
[The Third Interpretation]
[5974] 'Ali ibn al-Husayn narrated to us, Musa ibn Harun—meaning al-Dulabi—narrated to us, Marwan narrated to us, from Juwaybir, from al-Dahhak, regarding His saying: "They call upon none but female [deities] instead of Him." He said: The polytheists said:
قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: وَنُصْلِهِ جَهَنَّمَ.
٥٩٦٩ - أَخْبَرَنَا يُونُسُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الأَعْلَى قِرَاءَةً، أَنْبَأَ ابْنُ وَهْبٍ أَنَّ مَالِكًا حَدَّثَهُ قَالَ:
كَانَ عُمَرُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ يَقُولُ: سَنَّ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَوُلاةُ الأَمْرِ مِنْ بَعْدِهِ سُنَنًا، الأَخْذُ بِهَا تَصْدِيقٌ لِكِتَابِ اللَّهِ وَاسْتِكْمَالٌ لِطَاعَةِ اللَّهِ وَقُوَّةٌ عَلَى دِينِ اللَّهِ، لَيْسَ لأَحَدٍ تغييرها ولا تبديلها وَلا النَّظَرُ فِيمَا خَالَفَهَا، مَنِ اقْتَدَى بِهَا مُهْتَدٍ وَمَنِ اسْتَنْصَرَ بِهَا مَنْصُورٌ، وَمَنْ خَالَفَهَا اتَّبَعَ غَيْرَ سَبِيلِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ، وَلاهُ اللَّهُ مَا تَوَلَّى وَصَلَاهُ جَهَنَّمَ وَسَاءَتْ مَصِيرًا.
قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: إِنَّ اللَّهَ لَا يَغْفِرُ أَنْ يُشْرَكَ بِهِ
، قَدْ تَقَدَّمَ تَفْسِيرُهَا.
قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: إِنْ يَدْعُونَ من دونه إلا إناثا.
[الوجه الأول]
٥٩٧٠ - حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي، ثنا مَحْمُودُ بْنُ غَيْلانَ، أَنْبَأَ الْفَضْلُ بْنُ مُوسَى، أَنْبَأَ الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ وَاقِدٍ، عَنِ الرَّبِيعِ بْنِ أَنَسٍ، عَنْ أَبِي الْعَالِيَةِ، عَنْ أُبَيِّ بْنِ كَعْبٍ إِنْ يَدْعُونَ مِنْ دُونِهِ إِلا إِنَاثًا قَالَ: مَعَ كُلِّ صَنَمٍ جِنِّيَّةٌ. وَرُوِيَ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ نَحْوُ ذَلِكَ.
الْوَجْهُ الثَّانِي:
٥٩٧١ - حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو زُرْعَةَ، ثنا مِنْجَابُ بْنُ الْحَارِثِ، أَنْبَأَ بِشْرُ بْنُ عُمَارَةَ، عَنْ أَبِي رَوْقٍ، عَنِ الضَّحَّاكِ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ إِنْ يَدْعُونَ مِنْ دُونِهِ إِلا إِنَاثًا قَالَ: مَوْتَى.
٥٩٧٢ - حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي، ثنا أَبُو سَلَمَةَ، ثنا مُبَارَكٌ، عَنِ الْحَسَنِ: إِنْ يَدْعُونَ مِنْ دُونِهِ إِلا إِنَاثًا قَالَ الْحَسَنُ: الإِنَاثُ: كُلُّ شَيْءٍ مَيِّتٌ لَيْسَ لَهُ رُوحٌ إِمَّا خَشَبَةٌ يَابِسَةٌ وَإِمَّا حَجَرٌ يَابِسٌ.
٥٩٧٣ - حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي، ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ سَلَمَةَ الْبَاهِلِيُّ، ثنا عَبْدُ الْعَزِيزِ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ هشام يعني بن عُرْوَةَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ عَائِشَةَ: إِنْ يَدْعُونَ مِنْ دُونِهِ إِلا إِنَاثًا قالتْ:
أَوْثَانًا. وَرُوِيَ عَنْ أَبِي سَلَمَةَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ، وَعُرْوَةَ بْنِ الزُّبَيْرِ، وَمُجَاهِدٍ، وَأَبِي مَالِكٍ الْغِفَارِيِّ، وَالسُّدِّيِّ، وَمُقَاتِلِ بْنِ حَيَّانَ نَحْوُ ذَلِكَ.
وَالْوَجْهُ الثَّالِثُ:
٥٩٧٤ - حَدَّثَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ الْحُسَيْنِ، ثنا مُوسَى بْنُ هَارُونَ يَعْنِي الدُّولابِيَّ، ثنا مَرْوَانُ، عَنْ جُوَيْبِرٍ، عَنِ الضَّحَّاكِ فِي قَوْلِهِ: إِنْ يَدْعُونَ مِنْ دُونِهِ إِلا إِنَاثًا قال الْمُشْرِكُونَ:
