Thabit, from one who heard Ibn ‘Abbas say regarding His saying: "And they forbid it," it was revealed concerning Abu Talib. He said: He used to forbid anyone from harming the Prophet (may Allah bless him and grant him peace).
And the second aspect:
7200 - My father narrated to us, Abu Salih the scribe of al-Layth narrated to us, Mu‘awiyah ibn Salih narrated to me, from ‘Ali ibn Abi Talhah, from Ibn ‘Abbas regarding His saying: "And they forbid it," he said: They forbid people from Muhammad so that they might not believe in him.
7201 - Abu Sa‘id al-Ashajj narrated to us, Hafs ibn Ghiyath narrated to us, from Hajjaj, from Salim al-Makki, from Muhammad ibn al-Hanafiyyah regarding "And they forbid it," he said: The disbelievers of Quraysh would not come to the Prophet (may Allah bless him and grant him peace), and they would forbid others from him.
It was narrated from al-Dahhak and Habib ibn Abi Thabit similarly.
The third aspect:
7202 - Hajjaj ibn Hamzah narrated to us, Shababah narrated to us, Warqa’ narrated to us, from Ibn Abi Najih, from Mujahid, regarding "And they forbid it," he said: Quraysh forbid others from the Reminder (the Quran).
7203 - al-Hasan ibn Abi al-Rabi‘ narrated to us, ‘Abd al-Razzaq informed us, Ma‘mar informed us, from Qatadah, regarding His saying: "And they forbid it," he said: They forbid others from the Quran and from the Prophet (may Allah bless him and grant him peace).
The fourth aspect:
7204 - My father narrated to us, Hisham ibn Khalid narrated to us, al-Walid narrated to us, from Abu Lahi‘ah, from Khalid ibn Yazid, from Sa‘id ibn Abi Hilal regarding His saying: "And they forbid it," he said: It was revealed concerning the paternal uncles of the Prophet (may Allah bless him and grant him peace). There were ten of them, and they were the most supportive of him among people in public, and the most hostile towards him in private.
The fifth aspect:
7205 - My father narrated to us, Yahya ibn Salih al-Wuhazi narrated to us, Abu Ma‘shar narrated to us, from Muhammad ibn Ka‘b regarding His saying: "And they forbid it," he said: They forbid others from killing him.
(1). al-Tafsir, 1/214.
ثَابِتٍ، عَمَّنْ سَمِعَ ابْنَ عَبَّاسٍ يَقُولُ فِي قَوْلِهِ: وَهُمْ يَنْهَوْنَ عَنْهُ: نَزَلَتْ فِي أَبِي طَالِبٍ، قَالَ: كَانَ يَنْهَى، عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَنْ يُؤْذَى.
وَالْوَجْهُ الثَّانِي:
٧٢٠٠ - حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي، ثنا أَبُو صَالِحٍ كَاتِبُ اللَّيْثِ، حَدَّثَنِي مُعَاوِيَةُ بْنُ صَالِحٍ،، عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَلْحَةَ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ قَوْلَهُ: وَهُمْ يَنْهَوْنَ عَنْهُ، قَالَ: يَنْهَوْنَ النَّاسَ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدٍ أَنْ يُؤْمِنُوا بِهِ.
٧٢٠١ - حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو سَعِيدٍ الأَشَجُّ، ثنا حَفْصُ بْنُ غِيَاثٍ،، عَنْ حَجَّاجٍ،، عَنْ سَالِمٍ الْمَكِّيِّ،، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحَنَفِيَّةِ وَهُمْ يَنْهَوْنَ عَنْهُ قَالَ: كَانَ كُفَّارُ قُرَيْشٍ لَا يَأْتُونَ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، وَيَنْهَوْنَ عَنْهُ.
وَرُوِيَ، عَنِ الضَّحَّاكِ، وَحَبِيبِ بْنِ أَبِي ثَابِتٍ نَحْوُ ذَلِكَ.
الْوَجْهُ الثَّالِثُ:
٧٢٠٢ - حَدَّثَنَا حَجَّاجُ بْنُ حَمْزَةَ، ثنا شَبَابَةُ، ثنا وَرْقَاءُ،، عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي نَجِيحٍ،، عَنْ مُجَاهِدٍ «١» وَهُمْ يَنْهَوْنَ عَنْهُ قَالَ: قُرَيْشٌ يَنْهَوْنَ، عَنِ الذِّكْرِ.
٧٢٠٣ - حَدَّثَنَا الْحَسَنُ بْنُ أَبِي الرَّبِيعِ أنا عَبْدُ الرَّزَّاقِ، أنا مَعْمَرٌ،، عَنْ قَتَادَةَ، فِي قَوْلِهِ: وَهُمْ يَنْهَوْنَ عَنْهُ قَالَ: يَنْهَوْنَ، عَنِ الْقُرْآنِ وَعَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ.
الْوَجْهُ الرَّابِعُ:
٧٢٠٤ - حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي، ثنا هِشَامُ بْنُ خَالِدٍ، ثنا الْوَلِيدُ،، عَنِ أبى لَهِيعَةَ،، عَنْ خَالِدُ بْنُ يَزِيدَ، عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ أَبِي هِلالٍ فِي قَوْلِهِ: وَهُمْ يَنْهَوْنَ عَنْهُ، قَالَ: نَزَلَتْ فِي عُمُوَمَةِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، وَكَانُوا عَشَرَةً، فَكَانُوا أَشَدَّ النَّاسِ مَعَهُ فِي الْعَلانِيَةِ، وَأَشَدُّ النَّاسِ عَلَيْهِ فِي السِّرِّ.
الْوَجْهُ الْخَامِسُ:
٧٢٠٥ - حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي، ثنا يَحْيَى بْنُ صَالِحٍ الْوُحَاظِيُّ، ثنا أَبُو مَعْشَرٍ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ كَعْبٍ فِي قَوْلِهِ: وَهُمْ يَنْهَوْنَ عَنْهُ قال: يَنْهَوْنَ، عن قتله.
(١) . التفسير ١/ ٢١٤.
