The Messenger of Allah (may Allah bless him and grant him peace) said: "If he does anything of that, faith is stripped from his heart, but if he repents, Allah will accept his repentance."
His saying, the Almighty: "And whoever is killed unjustly, We have given his heir authority."
13269 - From Ibn Abbas, may Allah be pleased with them both, regarding His saying: "And whoever is killed unjustly, We have given his heir authority," he said: "A clear evidence from Allah which He revealed; the heir of the victim seeks it, [either] retaliation [qisas] or blood money [diyyah], and that is the authority."
His saying, the Almighty: "So let him not exceed limits in [the matter of] taking life."
13270 - From Taliq ibn Habib, regarding His saying: "So let him not exceed limits in taking life," he said: "He shall not kill anyone other than the killer, and he shall not mutilate him."
13271 - From Sa'id ibn Jubayr, may Allah be pleased with him, regarding His saying: "So let him not exceed limits in taking life," he said: "He shall not kill two people for one [murder]."
13272 - From Mujahid, may Allah be pleased with him, regarding His saying: "So let him not exceed limits in taking life," he said: "He shall not kill anyone other than the killer."
13273 - From Qatadah, may Allah be pleased with him, regarding "So let him not exceed limits in taking life," he said: "Whoever is killed with an iron weapon is to be killed with an iron weapon, whoever is killed with a wooden staff is to be killed with a wooden staff, and whoever is killed with a stone is to be killed with a stone; and he shall not kill anyone other than the killer."
His saying, the Almighty: "Indeed, he has been supported [by the law]."
13274 - From Ibn Abbas, may Allah be pleased with them both, regarding His saying: "So let him not exceed limits in taking life. Indeed, he has been supported [by the law]," he says: "The authority supports him until he obtains justice from his oppressor. And whoever seeks retribution for himself without [the authority of] the ruler, he is a disobedient transgressor who has acted with the tribal arrogance of the Jahiliyyah and was not satisfied with the judgment of Allah."
13275 - From Mujahid, may Allah be pleased with him, regarding His saying: "Indeed, he has been supported [by the law]," he said: "The victim was the one supported."
(1). al-Durr 5/279-280. (2). al-Durr 5/279-280. (3). al-Durr 5/279-280. (4). al-Durr 5/279-280. (5). al-Durr 5/279-280. (6). al-Durr 5/283-284. (7). al-Durr 5/283-284. (8). al-Durr 5/283-284.
مؤمن، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «إِذَا فعل شيئًا في ذَلِكَ نزع الإِيمَان مِنْ قلبه فإن تاب تاب الله عليه» «١»
قَوْلهُ تَعَالَى: وَمَنْ قُتِلَ مَظْلُومًا فَقَدْ جَعَلْنَا لِوَلِيِّهِ سُلْطَانًا
١٣٢٦٩ - عَنْ ابنِ عَبَّاسٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُمَا فِي قَوْلِهِ: وَمَنْ قُتِلَ مَظْلُومًا فَقَدْ جَعَلْنَا لِوَلِيِّهِ سُلْطَانًا قَالَ: بينة مِنَ الله أنزلها يطلبها ولي المقتول القود أو العقل، وذلك السلطان «٢» .
قَوْلهُ تَعَالَى: فَلا يُسْرِفْ فِي الْقَتْلِ
١٣٢٧٠ - عَنْ طليق بن حبيب فِي قَوْلِهِ: فَلا يُسْرِفْ فِي الْقَتْلِ قَالَ: لا يقتل غير قاتله، ولا يمثل به «٣» .
١٣٢٧١ - عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ في قَوْلِهِ: فَلا يُسْرِفْ فِي الْقَتْلِ قَالَ: لا يقتل اثنين بواحد «٤» .
١٣٢٧٢ - عَنْ مُجَاهِدٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ فِي قَوْلِهِ: فَلا يُسْرِفْ فِي الْقَتْلِ قَالَ:
لا يقتل غير قاتله «٥» .
١٣٢٧٣ - عَنْ قَتَادَة رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ فَلا يُسْرِفْ فِي الْقَتْلِ قَالَ: مِنْ قتل بحديدة قتل بحديدة، ومن قتل بخشبة، قتل بخشبه ومن قتل بحجر قتل بحجر، ولا يقتل غير قاتله «٦» .
قَوْلهُ تَعَالَى: إِنَّهُ كَانَ مَنْصُورًا
١٣٢٧٤ - عَنْ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُمَا فِي قَوْلِهِ: فَلا يُسْرِفْ فِي الْقَتْلِ إِنَّهُ كَانَ مَنْصُورًا يَقُولُ: ينصره السلطان حتى ينصفه مِنْ ظالمه. ومن انتصر لنفسه دون السلطان، فهو عاص مسرف قد عمل بحمية أَهْل الجاهلية، ولم يرضى بحكم الله «٧» .
١٣٢٧٥ - عَنْ مُجَاهِدٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ فِي قَوْلِهِ: إِنَّهُ كَانَ مَنْصُورًا قَالَ: إِنَّ المقتول كان منصورا «٨» .
(١) . الدر ٥/ ٢٧٩- ٢٨٠.(٢) . الدر ٥/ ٢٧٩- ٢٨٠.(٣) . الدر ٥/ ٢٧٩- ٢٨٠.(٤) . الدر ٥/ ٢٧٩- ٢٨٠.(٥) . الدر ٥/ ٢٧٩- ٢٨٠.(٦) . الدر ٥/ ٢٨٣- ٢٨٤.(٧) . الدر ٥/ ٢٨٣- ٢٨٤(٨) . الدر ٥/ ٢٨٣- ٢٨٤