14270 - Abu Zur'ah narrated to us, [saying]: Ibn Bukayr narrated to us, [saying]: Ibn Lahi'ah narrated to me, [saying]: 'Ata' narrated to me, from Sa'id: When Allah revealed the innocence of 'Aisha, vindicated her, and declared the liars who had slandered her, Abu Bakr swore that he would never assist Mistah ibn Uthatha with anything ever again, because he was among those who had participated in the slander against 'Aisha. Mistah was one of the early Emigrants (Muhajirun), the son of Abu Bakr's maternal aunt, and was an orphan under his care and poor. When Abu Bakr swore not to assist him, [the verse] was revealed concerning Abu Bakr: "And let not those of virtue among you swear" [24:22]—meaning: and let them not swear.
14271 - I read to Muhammad ibn al-Fadl, [saying]: Muhammad ibn 'Ali narrated to us, [saying]: Muhammad ibn Muzahim narrated to us, [saying]: Bukayr ibn Ma'ruf narrated to us, from Muqatil ibn Hayyan, [who] said: Abu Bakr and a group with him from among the Companions of the Prophet (may Allah bless him and grant him peace) swore—and they were distressed by what had been said about 'Aisha—by Allah, than whom there is no god, that they would not benefit any man among those who said what they said to 'Aisha, and that they would neither give to them nor act kindly toward them. Mistah ibn Uthatha had a kinship with Abu Bakr through the women's side, so he came to Abu Bakr to apologize. Mistah said: "May Allah make me your ransom! By Allah who revealed [the truth], I did not slander her, and I did not speak a word of what was said about her, O maternal uncle." Abu Bakr was his maternal uncle. Abu Bakr said: "But you laughed and were amused by what was said about her." He said: "Perhaps some of that did happen." So Allah revealed concerning his matter: "And let not those of virtue among you swear" [24:22], meaning: let them not swear (1).
His saying: "Those of virtue among you and wealth."
14272 - Abu Sa'id al-Ashaj narrated to us, [saying]: Abu Usamah narrated to us, [saying]: Hisham ibn 'Urwah narrated to us, [saying]: 'Urwah narrated to me, from 'Aisha, [who] said: Allah revealed: "And let not those of virtue among you swear" [24:22], meaning Abu Bakr.
14273 - Abu Zur'ah narrated to us, [saying]: Yahya ibn 'Abd Allah narrated to us, [saying]: 'Ata' ibn Dinar narrated to me, from Sa'id ibn Jubayr regarding the saying of Allah: "And let not those of virtue among you swear," meaning: let not those of virtue among you swear—meaning in terms of wealth—meaning: Abu Bakr al-Siddiq (may Allah be pleased with him). It was narrated from Muqatil ibn Hayyan something similar to that.
His saying: "And wealth."
14274 - Abu Zur'ah narrated to us, [saying]: Yahya narrated to us, [saying]: Ibn Lahi'ah narrated to me, [saying]: 'Ata' narrated to me, from Sa'id ibn Jubayr [regarding] His saying: "And wealth," meaning in provision; meaning Abu Bakr al-Siddiq.
(1). Al-Bukhari, Kitab al-Tafsir, 3/118-119.
١٤٢٧٠ - حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو زُرْعَةَ، ثنا ابْنُ بُكَيْرٍ، حَدَّثَنِي ابْنُ لَهِيعَةَ، حَدَّثَنِي عَطَاءٌ، عَنْ سَعِيدٍ، فَلَمَّا أَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ عُذْرَ عَائِشَةَ، وَأَبْرَأَهَا وَكَذَّبَ الَّذِينَ قَذَفُوهَا، حَلَفَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ أَنْ لَا يَصِلَ مِسْطَحَ بْنَ أُثَاثَةَ بِشَيْءٍ أَبَدًا، لأَنَّهُ كَانَ فِيمَنِ ادَّعَى عَلَى عَائِشَةَ مِنَ الْقَذْفِ، وَكَانَ مِسْطَحٌ مِنَ الْمُهَاجِرِينَ الأُوَلِ، وَكَانَ ابْنَ خَالَةِ أَبِي بَكْرٍ، وَكَانَ يَتِيمًا فِي حِجْرِهِ فَقِيرًا، فَلَمَّا حَلَفَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ أَنْ لَا يَصِلَهُ، نزلت في أبي بكر ولا يأتل أولوا الْفَضْلِ أَيْ: وَلا يَحْلِفُ.
١٤٢٧١ - قَرَأْتُ عَلَى مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْفَضْلِ، ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ، ثنا محمد ابن مُزَاحِمٍ، ثنا بُكَيْرُ بْنُ مَعْرُوفٍ، عَنْ مُقَاتِلِ بْنِ حَيَّانَ، قَالَ: فَحَلَفَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ وَأُنَاسٌ مَعَهُ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، وَسَاءَهُمُ الَّذِي قِيلَ لِعَائِشَةَ بِاللَّهِ الَّذِي لَا إِلَهَ إِلا هُوَ، لَا يَنْفَعُوا رَجُلا مِنَ الَّذِينَ قَالُوا لِعَائِشَةَ مَا قَالُوا، وَلا نُصِيبَهُمْ وَلا نَبَرَّهُمْ، وَكَانَ مِسْطَحُ بْنُ أُثَاثَةَ بَيْنَهُ وَبَيْنَ أَبِي بَكْرٍ قَرَابَةٌ مِنْ قِبَلِ النِّسَاءِ، فَأَقْبَلَ إِلَى أَبِي بَكْرٍ يَعْتَذِرُ، فَقَالَ مِسْطَحٌ: جَعَلَنِي اللَّهُ فِدَاكَ، وَاللَّهِ الَّذِي أَنْزَلَ مَا قَذَفْتُهَا، وَمَا تَكَلَّمْتُ بِشَيْءٍ مِمَّا قِيلَ لَهَا، أَيْ خَالُ، وَكَانَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ خَالَهُ، قَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ: وَلَكِنْ قَدْ ضَحِكْتَ، وَأَعْجَبَكَ الَّذِي قِيلَ فِيهَا، قَالَ: لَعَلَّهُ يَكُونُ قَدْ كَانَ بَعْضُ ذَلِكَ، فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ فِي شَأْنِهِ:
ولا يأتل أولوا الفضل يقول: لا يحلف «١» .
قوله تعالى: أولوا الْفَضْلِ مِنْكُمْ وَالسَّعَةِ.
١٤٢٧٢ - حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو سَعِيدٍ الأَشَجُّ، ثنا أَبُو أُسَامَةَ، ثنا هِشَامُ بْنُ عُرْوَةَ، حَدَّثَنِي عُرْوَةُ، عَنْ عَائِشَةَ، قَالَتْ: أَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ: ولا يأتل أولوا الْفَضْلِ مِنْكُمْ يَعْنِي أَبَا بَكْرٍ.
١٤٢٧٣ - حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو زُرْعَةَ، ثنا يَحْيَى بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ، حَدَّثَنِي عَطَاءُ بْنُ دِينَارٍ، عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ فِي قَوْلِ اللَّهِ: وَلا يَأْتَلِ أولوا الفضل منكم يعني: ولا يحلف أولوا الْفَضْلِ مِنْكُمْ، يَعْنِى فِي الْغِنَى، يَعْنِى: أَبَا بَكْرٍ الصِّدِّيقَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ، وَرُوِِىِ، عَنْ مُقَاتِلِ بْنِ حَيَّانَ نَحْوُ ذَلِكَ.
قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: وَالسَّعَةَ.
١٤٢٧٤ - حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو زُرْعَةَ، ثنا يَحْيَى، حَدَّثَنِي ابْنُ لَهِيعَةَ، حَدَّثَنِي عَطَاءٌ، عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ قوله: وَالسَّعَةَ يَعْنِى فِي الرِّزْقِ، يَعْنِى أَبَا بَكْرٍ الصِّدِّيقَ.
(١) . البخاري كتاب التفسير ٣/ ١٨- ١١٩.
